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Celiac Disease/Nontropical Sprue/Gluten Intolerance
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
B Vitamins: Malabsorption can be corrected with supplemental vitamin B12.4 In addition, high doses of vitamin B complex (including 0.8 mg folic acid, 0.5 mg of B12, and 3 mg pyridoxine per day) are also indicated because the disease does not respond to vitamin B12 alone.5 In one study, patients who initially reported poor well-being showed notable improvements in anxiety and depressed mood with supplementation.6
Role of Vitamin D and Antioxidants in the Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Published in Abhai Kumar, Debasis Bagchi, Antioxidants and Functional Foods for Neurodegenerative Disorders, 2021
Shilia Jacob Kurian, Ruby Benson, Sonal Sekhar Miraj, Mahadev Rao
The use of vitamin B as a prophylaxis and treatment for cognitive impairment has been widely studied, although results are inconclusive. The majority of these studies have quoted the effect of vitamin B on lowering plasma homocysteine. A homocysteine level higher than 14 μmol/L is considered to increase the risk for AD (Zhang et al. 2017). Elevated homocysteine possibly increases the phosphorylated tau concentration in the brain, which further enhances the neurofibrillary tangles that can influence brain atrophy (Douaud et al. 2013). The vitamin B complex includes thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folic acid (B9), and cobalamin (B12). These vitamins have been studied in combinations in AD patients. The primary suggested role of these vitamins has been described in Table 11.2.
Nutraceutical Intervention for Treatment of Alcoholism and Drinking Problems
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements, 2020
Because the continuing use of liquor drops hunger and averts the body from absorbing vital nutrients, there is deficiency of a number of vitamins and minerals. It is therefore essential to supplement the diet with vitamin B complex, vitamin C, selenium, magnesium, and zinc. A combination of amino acids, such as carnitine, glutamine, and glutathione, may help decrease longings, blood sugar variations, and anxiety that are related to liquor usage.
Vitamins: a nutritional intervention to modulate the Alzheimer’s disease progression
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Micronutrients can affect memory and cognitive functions by several mechanisms such as (1) the metabolism of norepinephrine and dopamine depends on vitamin B-complex (particularly B2, B6, and B12), nicotinamide, folic acid, and vitamin C. Some vitamins involve in the synthesis of other essential components such as biogenic amines, steroids, and amino acids.28 (2) Thiamine triphosphate, thiamine, and vitamin E are the neuronal membrane constituents that affect membrane-dependent properties and functioning such as action potential generation, signal transduction, and neuronal outgrowth. (3) Pyridoxine deficiency can change binding of several neurotransmitters including glycine and glutamate to their receptors. (4) Energy production in the brain is a highly regulated process which depended on a number of vitamins such as vitamin B-complex and vitamin C, since they are essential components in a series of energy-regulating processes like the glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the respiratory chain, for production of adenosine triphosphate, ATP from glucose.28–30 The vitamins are the most essential part of nutrients for regulating several functions of the brain not only in physiological state but also in pathological states.
Food and beverages promoting elderly health: six food-based dietary guidelines to plan good mixed meals for elderly South Africans
Published in South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2021
Sanjoy Saha, Upasana Mukherjee, Makenzie Miller, Li-Ling Peng, Carin Napier, Heleen Grobbelaar, Wilna Oldewage-Theron
WGs are also good sources of vitamin E and B complex vitamins. Vitamin B complex may contribute to regulating hepatic glucose uptake and the antioxidant properties of vitamin E may be beneficial in reducing chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome (MetS).25 The phytochemicals, unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acid), as well as the fibre, resistant starch and oligosaccharides in WG all play a role in reducing serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations as well as inflammation and oxidative stress.32 The effect of WG on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is thus a result of the synergistic effect of all the WG components such as dietary fibre, antioxidants, polyphenols, micro- and phytonutrients.32,33
Broad spectrum micronutrient formulas for the treatment of symptoms of depression, stress, and/or anxiety: a systematic review
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2020
Meredith Blampied, Caroline Bell, Claire Gilbert, Julia J. Rucklidge
Generally, data regarding broad-spectrum nutritional supplementation for general symptoms of psychological distress are fairly positive. Positive studies reviewed here commonly provided vitamin B complex, including B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B12, at doses at or above the RDA. The finding that increased availability of B vitamins has a positive impact on distress is perhaps unsurprising, given the importance of this group of vitamins in brain functioning. B vitamins act as wide-spread coenzymes for many aspects of cellular functioning, including energy production and the biosynthesis of essential compounds including fatty and amino acids [42,59,100,101]. B vitamins have been identified as precursors to a range of neurotransmitter functions, including neuron function, modulation of inflammatory responses and dopamine production [59,101]. Although deficiencies in this vitamin group are known to cause difficulties in functioning, it is also possible that increasing the dose over the RDA allows for further improvements in the absence of identifiable deficiencies. A recent review and analysis of the B vitamin literature demonstrated the prophylactic effect of these vitamins on stress, whereas similar positive effects were not found for mood or anxiety symptoms [102]. This may explain some of the variation in results, given the relationships between mood, stress and anxiety and the number of methods of measuring these difficulties.