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The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
Recommendations for Adequate Protein Digestion and Fermentation by Anaerobic Bacteria Include: A low FODMAP diet if intolerance to fructose is suspected.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Published in Nicole M. Farmer, Andres Victor Ardisson Korat, Cooking for Health and Disease Prevention, 2022
The past few years have seen an explosion of research on the low FODMAP diet in particular for patients with IBS. While initial studies were limited by study design, later follow-up studies were much more rigorous and continue to be promising (Marsh, Eslick, and Eslick 2016).
Gastrointestinal Disease
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Justine Turner, Sally Schwartz
Overall, the research suggests that the low-FODMAP diet is consistently the best diet for patients with IBS. It should be the preferred short-term recommendation as a dietary treatment trial for adults with IBS. In children, one study has shown benefit, and hence, this diet should be considered in children with IBS as well. However, children should be screened for symptoms of eating disorder prior to having them commence on the low-FODMAP diet. This diet, which can be quite limiting, is not recommended in the face of restrictive eating or malnutrition.
Is there a role for the microbiome in systemic sclerosis?
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
Various dietary modifications can profoundly affect the composition of the gut microbiome. For example, transition to a plant-based diet or a diet devoid of gluten has immediate effects on gut microbial communities. A diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) is commonly recommended to patients with SSc to reduce symptoms, such as gas and bloating. While this intervention has not been studied in RCTs, a recent small study found that patients who adhered to a low FODMAP diet had no appreciable alterations in gut microbial composition, nor GI symptoms, compared with patients who did not adhere to a low FODMAP diet [17]. There is also some concern that patients consuming a low-FODMAP diet may experience reductions in beneficial commensal microbes, as well as micronutrient deficiencies, particularly if the low FODMAP diet is consumed long-term. It is important to remember that elimination of high FODMAP foods is only the first step in this process; selective and sequential re-introduction of foods containing individual FODMAPs is critical for achieving dietary diversification.
Artificial intelligence-based personalized diet: A pilot clinical study for irritable bowel syndrome
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Tarkan Karakan, Aycan Gundogdu, Hakan Alagözlü, Nergiz Ekmen, Seckin Ozgul, Varol Tunali, Mehmet Hora, Damla Beyazgul, O. Ufuk Nalbantoglu
The IBS-index scores on the held-out validation cohorts were different between IBS patients and the healthy controls. This implies that the machine-learned IBS index is a strong indicator of the presence of disease. We detected a significant improvement in IBS-SSS values between the pre- and post-intervention periods. The score improvement for the personalized diet group of IBS patients was greater than the standard IBS diet group (Table 5). For each of the five items of IBS-SSS evaluated, the personalized diet group showed significant improvement on all parameters. However, the standard IBS diet group showed no improvement in abdominal pain frequency, dissatisfaction with bowel habits, and IBS-related quality of life parameters. Böhn et al. reported that low FODMAP and standard IBS diets were similar in relieving IBS symptoms. In their study, abdominal pain frequency and IBS-related quality of life parameters were improved with a low FODMAP diet, but the dissatisfaction with bowel habits did not improve.13 They have noticed a nearly 50% response rate to both diets. This study concluded that a low FODMAP diet shows similar clinical benefits to standard IBS diets.
Clinical evaluation and treatment of chronic bowel symptoms following cancer in the colon and pelvic organs
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2019
Helene Mathilde Larsen, Mette Borre, Peter Christensen, Asbjørn Mohr Drewes, Søren Laurberg, Klaus Krogh, Janne Fassov
A group of patients was seen by our dietician either because no underlying specific cause was found or because targeted treatment of bowel symptoms was insufficient. Patients with BAM were instructed in a low-fat diet, while patients with bloating and loose stools were instructed to reduce dietary fibers and four patients were instructed in a low FODMAP diet. However, the effect of the low FODMAP diet is controversial and the risk of inadequate nutrition has been discussed [27]. All patients reported improvement in bowel function after dietary adjustments. This is in accordance with Gupta et al. [11], who treated patients with BAM with low-fat diet. However, long-term compliance might be a challenge and future studies should clarify the role of dietary intervention in patients with chronic bowel dysfunction following treatment for cancer in the pelvic region.