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Choerospondias axillaris (Hog plum)
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Wild Plants, 2020
Expansion of lapsi cultivation for quality production is limited due to associated risk of non bearingness, as only female trees produce fruits. Local people are consulting forest officers looking for methods to identify female trees and to select the best seedlings, but the forest offices have limited experience with domestication techniques. Therefore, there is a need for research regarding the identification of the fruiting tree and its management. The selection of female plants is a vital part of domestication, and farmers have developed their own techniques for identifying male and female trees. Their assumptions in this regard are: (i) female plants sprout earlier than male plants under the same conditions at the beginning of the growing season; (ii) only female plants release milky latex when leaves are pricked; (iii) wood from female plants does not blast while burning whereas that from males does so loudly; and (iv) wood from male trees splits easily. Though these assumptions were found to be valid, they are yet to be studied further (Paudel 2003a, Paudel et al. 2003b, Paudel and Parajuli 1999).
Medicinal Plants in Natural Health Care as Phytopharmaceuticals
Published in Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Surya Prakash Gautam, Herbal Product Development, 2020
This plant is commonly found in moist deciduous evergreen forests. It is a slender sub-scandent herb, branchlets erect, straggling or sometimes climbing, hairless, with swollen nodes and those of creeping branches with roots at lower nodes. Its fruits contain resin, alkaloids piperine, piperolactam A, B and C, piperadione, aristolactum A, cepharadione A, cepharanone B, norcepharadione B, guineesine, pluviatilol, methyl pluviatilol, piper longuminine (piplartine), piperlongumine, pipernonaline, piperundecalidine, sesamin, N-isobutyl trans-2,4-decadienamide, a lignin derivative, a terpenoid and 1% volatile oil (Kumar et al., 2011; Zaveri et al., 2010). It acts as a bioenhancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular and anti-inflamatory; liquifies thick mucus; stops formation of cough; and is useful in cough, cold, bronchitis, asthma, fever and other respiratory diseases. The roots and fruiting spikes are used in treating diarrhoea, indigestion, jaundice, urticaria, abdominal disorders, hoarseness of voice, asthama, hiccough, cough, piles, malarial fever, flatulence vomiting, thirst, oedema, earache, wheezing, chest congestion, throat infections, worms and sinusitis (Ali et al., 2007; Jin et al., 2009). Its fruits are used for treating respiratory tract diseases (e.g., cough, bronchitis and asthma); they are used as emmenagogue, digestive, appetizer, carminative (in indigestion), general tonic and haematinic (in anaemia and chronic fevers).
Aquatic Plants Native to America
Published in Namrita Lall, Aquatic Plants, 2020
Bianca D. Fibrich, Jacqueline Maphutha, Carel B. Oosthuizen, Danielle Twilley, Khan-Van Ho, Chung-Ho Lin, Leszek P. Vincent, T. N. Shilpa, N. P. Deepika, B. Duraiswamy, S. P. Dhanabal, Suresh M. Kumar, Namrita Lall
The flowering season is mid-summer to fall. Echinodorus berteroi prefers clay soils of wet ditches, streams, and shallow ponds (Flora of North America). It is an extremely easy species to recognize when fruiting. The elongated beaks of the fruits project upward, giving the fruiting head an echinate appearance (Buznego and Pérez-Saad 2006).
Induced mutation in Agaricus bisporus by gamma ray to improve genetic variability, degradation enzyme activity, and yield
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2021
Tayebeh Harfi, Motallebi-Azar Alireza, Rasouli Farzad, Zaare-Nahandi Fariborz
Since the shelf life and quality of the mushroom depend on the dry weight of fruit bodies, increasing the dry weight is one of the important goals of edible mushroom breeding. Gang et al. (2001) separated a mutant strain in Ganoderma using UV that had more dry weight. Zhu et al. (2008) obtained a mutant using UV irradiation of protoplast that had more dry weight and triterpenes than the control Induced Mutation by the application of 60Co gamma-ray on Pleurotus florida produced four putative mutants, which showed higher productivity than the control. Higher productivity is reflected by a significantly higher amount of fruiting bodies, higher fresh weight, and dry weight yields of three successive flush periods (Djajanegara and Harosyo 2006).
Higher Fruits and Vegetables Consumption Is not Associated with Risk of Breast Cancer in Iranian Women
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Maryam Safabakhsh, Sakineh Shab-Bidar, Hossein Imani
Also, a systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 prospective studies suggested that the more consumption of total FVs and fruits was linked to only a marginal reduction in risk of BC, and similar to our finding, vegetable consumption had no significant relationship with BC incidence (7). Moreover, a previous EPIC study of 10,197 BC cases examined overall FVs and their specific sub-groups over 5 years and revealed the inverse associations between total, leafy, fruiting vegetable, tomatoes intakes and BC incidence while no relation of fruits intake, overall or by subtypes, with BC risk was found. This study supported our results which proposed no significant association of citrus, other and total fruits and cabbages consumptions and BC (24).
Role of plant-based diet in late-life cognitive decline: results from the Salus in Apulia Study
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Roberta Zupo, Chiara Griseta, Petronilla Battista, Rossella Donghia, Vito Guerra, Fabio Castellana, Luisa Lampignano, Ilaria Bortone, Madia Lozupone, Gianluigi Giannelli, Giovanni De Pergola, Heiner Boeing, Rodolfo Sardone, Francesco Panza
The logistic regression models on food groups adjusted for age, sex, smoking, education, BMI, APOE ϵ4 allele-carriers, and physical activity as covariates showed some significant associations (Table 1). Table 2 shows the means between the groups (unadjusted) and the p-value of association (adjusted) for the food groups investigated at both time periods. The importance of a significant difference of food intake between impaired and non-impaired cognition increased, while the difference between the groups showed the same trend at the two time points, independently of the levels of significance. The associations found at M3 are of particular interest because they indicate that these variables could have a predictive ability, being already present 12 years before. Keeping these principles in mind, a higher consumption of beer and spirits was found in the cognitively impaired group compared to the normal cognition group, and a lower consumption of red meat, root vegetables, and coffee. The case of fruiting vegetables is difficult to judge since a significantly lower consumption was found at M4 in the cognitively impaired group, but the reverse had been found at M3 (non-significant). To further investigate the link between dietary features and cognition, we performed the same statistical analyses with micronutrients and energy intake (Table 3). These analyses revealed a significantly lower intake of dietary vitamin A in cognitively impaired subjects compared to normal cognition subjects only at M4, while there was an overall greater but non-significant daily energy intake in cognitively impaired subjects compared to normal cognition subjects at both examinations.