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Herbal Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Hasya Nazh Ekin, Didem Deliorman Orhan
Cuminum cyminum (cumin) has been used in traditional medicine as a bitter tonic, carminative, and purgative and as a spice due to its pleasant aromatic smell. Although cumin seeds are rich source of essential oil, yet the main components of essential oil are: α- and β-pinene, cumin aldehyde, 1,8-cineole, limonene, α-terpinene and γ-terpinene, o-cymene and p-cymene, and linalool and safranal.
Tropical Herbs and Spices as Functional Foods with Antidiabetic Activities
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Arijit Nath, Rasul Hafiz Ansar Suleria, Plant-Based Functional Foods and Phytochemicals, 2021
Arnia Sari Mukaromah, Fitria Susilowati
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) originated from Southwest Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean region. It is cultivated in Europe, Egypt, the Middle East, India, and Iran. Cumin powder is used as a spice in various cuisines because of its unique flavor, strong, and warm aroma. The essential oil of cumin is also popular among traditional healers [56]. The different parts (roots, stems, leaves, and flowers) of the cumin plant have various bioac-tive compounds (phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins) with unique biological activities. The essential oil is produced from flowers (1.7%), leaves, and stems (0.1%), and roots (0.03%).
Monographs of essential oils that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Eleven cases of allergic contact dermatitis from black cumin oil have been reported. The dermatitis tends to be extensive and may lead to serious erythema multiforme-like eruptions with fever, progressing to Stevens-Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) from oral ingestion, combined oral and topical application and even topical application alone (6,7,13,15). Patch test reactions are usually strongly positive.
Protective effect of thymoquinone, the main component of Nigella Sativa, against diazinon cardio-toxicity in rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2019
Gholam Hassan Danaei, Bahram Memar, Ramin Ataee, Mohammad Karami
Recent studies have focused on natural antioxidants owing to their protective effects against the toxicity of various pollutants and pathogenic factors, especially when ever ROS are involved. Currently, there is a strong interest in developing new therapeutic agents from natural product (Darakhshan et al. 2015). Nigella sativa (black seed or black cumin) is used in many Middle Eastern countries as a natural remedy. N. sativa as a member of the family Ranunculaceae and is an herbaceous annual. It has an illustrious religious tradition and its seeds and oil have been commonly used as a traditional remedy for a variety of health conditions for more than 2000 years. The seeds, which are a rich source of the active ingredients of the plant, have long been used in the Middle and Far East as a traditional medicine for a range of pathological conditions (Ali and Blunden 2003). They are used for asthma, bronchitis, inflammation, eczema, fever, influenza, hypertension, cough, headache, dizziness, diabetes, kidney and liver dysfunction, disorders, rheumatism, cancer and related inflammatory diseases, gastrointestinal problems and for overall well-being (Goreja 2003).
Phytochemical and biological activities of some Iranian medicinal plants
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Salome Dini, Qihe Chen, Faezeh Fatemi, Younes Asri
C. cyminum (Figure 1(D)), or cumin seeds, is not only the main ingredient of different traditional cuisines, but also has been widely used to cure varied ailments; gastrointestinal diseases, tooth decay, cough, epilepsy, diabetes and aches (Gachkar et al. 2007; Johri 2011; Srinivasan 2018). The essential oil of C. cyminum seeds rich in β-pinene, γ-terpinene-7-al and γ-terpinene have considerable radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities that are comparable with Trolox and BHT (Fatemi et al. 2013). Likewise, Ladan Moghadam (2016), showed that the antioxidant activity of C. cyminum essential oil was even higher than trolox. Moreover, Zolfaghari et al. (2015), studied in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial potentiality of cumin seeds essential oil against Gram-positive and negative bacterial strains and revealed that B. cereus (MIC = 2.07 ± 0.51 mg/mL) was the most species. Later, the combinations of C. cyminum essential oil and standard antibiotics (sodium benzoate) were screened to determine the presence of any synergistic activities. The results demonstrated that the antimicrobial activity of C. cyminum essential oil preservatives, when used in combination with other preservatives, was higher. Moreover, the Gram-positive bacteria (MIC = 1.13 ± 0.11%) were more sensitive to C. cyminum essential oil than Gram-negative bacteria (MIC = 1.93 ± 0.11%) (Ekhtelat et al. 2019). Similarly, Tavakoli et al. (2015) indicated good antimicrobial activity of C. cyminum essential oil combined with nisin (a preservative agent) against Salmonella typhimurium growth at 10 °C and S. aureus growth at 10 °C and 25 °C, respectively, in BHI broth during study period of 43 days.
Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. (Myrothamnaceae) essential oil scavenges free radicals and inhibits carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes in vitro
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Abdulwakeel Ayokun-nun Ajao, Fatai Oladunni Balogun, Saheed Sabiu, Anofi O. Tom Ashafa
It is important to note that antioxidant and postprandial hyperglycemia control demonstrated by M. flabellifolius essential oil in this study could be attributed to either sole or synergistic bioactivities of the monoterpenoid compounds identified in the oil. α- pinene and eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) have previously been reported to reduce ferric and DPPH radicals [10,36]. The possible mechanism of antidiabetic action of MFEO could be linked to myrcene, the major component of MFEO, which has been reported to inhibit the proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6) and TNFa by stimulating NF-kB in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [37]. Other identified compounds in the oil, such as linalool, limonene, and camphene, have also been reported to have antioxidative properties [38,39]. However, besides linalool being an antioxidant that can mediate postprandial hyperglycemia onslaught, it can also act as a cardiovascular modulator, analgesic, and antianxiety agent with no pharmacological side effects [40]. This could be a practical approach to control oxidative stress-linked postprandial hyperglycemia. Moreover, a previous study by Talpur et al. [41] has demonstrated that administering combined essential oils, cinnamon, myrtle, fennel, cumin, oregano, etc., orally improves the sensitivity of insulin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes. There were variations in the major constituents of the essential oil from M. flabellifolius leaves reported in the present study, which were β- myrcene (37.1%) and mentha-1,5,8-triene (24.9%) compared to the previous reports. Viljoen et al. [42] reported pinocarvone (11.13%) and trans-pinocarveol (19.57%) as the major terpenoids of M. flabellifolius aerial part from South Africa, carvone and perillic acid were indicated as the major constituents of M. flabellifolius from Angola [43]. The principal components of essential oil from M. flabellifolius leaves from Zimbabwe were β-selinene (5.0–9.9%), pinocarvone (13.4–21.3%), α-pinene (tr-23.0%), trans-pinocarveol (28.7–28.8%) [44]. The variation observed in the reported major constituents of M. flabellifolius compared to the present study may be due to several factors, which include part of the plant used, age/stage of maturity, the season of harvest, method of extraction, genetic differences, geographical origin, etc [45,46].