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Are Retailers the New Market Makers?
Published in Tom Lawry, Hacking Healthcare, 2022
Amazon Care's expansion also comes as the tech giant moves into at-home testing. It recently got the green light from the FDA to begin offering its own COVID-19 test directly to consumers. And with the acquisition of the online pharmacy PillPack, the tech giant is launching Amazon Pharmacy, allowing consumers to purchase prescription drugs online and have them shipped to a home or office.16
Separating Professional from Lay Ethics
Published in Howard Winet, Ethics for Bioengineering Scientists, 2021
With recent increased emphasis on personal freedom more individuals are pressing for agency relationships with professionals. For example, pharmaceutical manufacturers in recent years have begun advertising prescription drugs and implants in lay magazines, on television and over the Internet. The very idea of a prescription drug—a drug you can obtain only with permission of a legally certified professional of a certain sort—is seen as a denial of personal freedom. To overcome this, barrier patients are told they should get their physician to prescribe the drug for them. Physicians who do not provide the requested drug or surgery might be sued for malpractice. Indeed, a number of such suits have been brought, and been successful in enough cases to scare some physicians into providing the demanded treatment. If it becomes sufficiently common for physicians to just give a patient what he wants, the patient–physician relationship will have become an agency relationship.
Paediatric clinical pharmacology
Published in Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara, Paediatric Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain, Imti Choonara
Many toxins exert effects by binding to cellular receptors, acting as either agonists or antagonists to perturb homeostasis. The toxic effects of prescription drugs are often predictable as an extension of their pharmacological action. Anti hypertensive (3 blockers are highly toxic in overdose, binding to 13 adrenoreceptors, blocking sympathetic tone and producing profound bradycardia and hypotension.
Prescription drug misuse among adults in Canada: a scoping review
Published in Journal of Substance Use, 2023
Francis Abayateye, Barb Fornssler, Cindy Feng, Carl D’Arcy, Khrisha Alphonsus
The primary aim of taking a prescribed drug is to treat a particular health problem. However, prescription drugs are also taken for several non-medical reasons. Two of the reviewed articles reported reasons for PDM directly or indirectly (Lake et al., 2019; Ware et al., 2018). However, two other studies recommended further studies into the motives for PDM (Daoust et al., 2018; Fischer et al., 2013). Reasons for non-medical use of cannabis included pain, sleep, stress, and nausea (Lake et al., 2019). Reasons for prescribing cannabinoids include sleep, spasticity, anxiety, and nausea (Ware et al., 2018). Other studies, however, reported the risk factors associated with PDM. Risk factors reported include, sex, history of pain medication refusal, cannabis use and suicidal ideation (Kennedy et al., 2016; Fischer et al., 2013). There is inconclusive evidence regarding age as a risk factor to prescription drug use and misuse. Some studies found older adults to be at higher risk of prescription drug use and misuse (Kennedy et al., 2016), while other studies reported a higher risk for younger adults (Shield et al., 2011; Stratton et al., 2020).
Burden of influenza in patients with cardiovascular disease who receive antiviral treatment for influenza
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2022
Mitra Corral, Rita de Cassia Castro, Tu My To, Stella Arndorfer, Shu Wang, John Stephens
Data for this study were extracted from IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters (CCAE) and Medicare Supplemental and Coordination of Benefits (MDCR) databases (IBM Watson Health, Cambridge, MA). Medicare Fee-for-Service claims were not used in this study. Data for millions of US employees, as well as their spouses and dependents, who are insured with employer-sponsored commercial health insurance, are included in the CCAE database. Data covering retired US workers with Medicare supplemental insurance paid by employers, including Medicare-covered and employer-paid expenses, are included in the MDCR database. Inpatient and outpatient care, use of facilities and services, and payment information are included in the medical claims files. Individual outpatient prescription drug (pharmacy) claims are also available.
Extension for community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) chronic pain & opioid stewardship in northwestern Ontario: A thematic analysis of patient cases
Published in Canadian Journal of Pain, 2022
Patricia A. Poulin, Yaadwinder Shergill, Adrian Grebowicz, Inês Almeida, Rosemee Cantave, Bryan MacLeod, Tim Larocque, Donna Garstin, Sarah F. Fitzgerald, Joshua A. Rash
The role of topical analgesics was reviewed. Topical options explored included local anesthetics (e.g., lidocaine), compounded cream containing a combination of drugs (e.g., a cream with lidocaine, amitriptyline, and ketamine) as well as anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., diclofenac). Finally, considerable attention was given to the management of side effects from prescription drugs. This included the importance of reviewing medications to identify the potentially responsible agent causing unwanted effects (e.g., nabilone causing vertigo), consideration of a taper, use of an antagonist (e.g., Naloxogel for constipation due to opioid treatment) or discontinuation (e.g., in the case of headaches caused by antidepressants like SSRIs). In addition, education was provided on the importance of reducing polypharmacy (e.g., concurrent marijuana, benzodiazepine or opioid use affecting motivation to engage with other treatments), changing to another medication with fewer side effects, or adjusting the administration schedule (e.g., pregabalin taken at bedtime to reduce daytime sedation).