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Plant Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Betalains are water-soluble bioactive pigments classified into betacyanin pigment, which is red-violet in color, and betaxanthin pigment, which is yellow-orange in color. The major betalain in red beetroot is betanin, which belongs to red betacyanin pigment. Betalains have high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and are used to fight oxidative stress and chronic inflammation such as liver disease, arthritis, and even cancer (181–185). Red beetroot or Beta vulgaris rubra is richer in antioxidants than other Beta vulgaris varieties.
Some Plants Used as Phytomedicine by Tribal Healers of Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Wild Plants, 2020
Khoshnur Jannat, Rownak Jahan, Taufiq Rahman, Shahadat Hossan, Nasrin Akter Shova, Maidul Islam, Mohammed Rahmatullah
Andrographis paniculata is known to contain a number of bio-active compounds, such as andrographolide, 14-deoxy-11-oxo-andrographolide, andrographosterol, andrographosterin, stigmasterol, and α-sitosterol (Bharati et al. 2011). The active anti-malarial compound has been reported to be andrographolide (Mishra et al. 2011). Betacyanins present in Amaranthus spinosus have been shown to possess antiplasmodial activity (Hilou et al. 2006). Clerodendrum viscosum is also rich in antioxidants and other bio-active compounds; these compounds include gallic acid, β-sitosterol, quercetin, oleanolic acid, clerodinin A, β-cubebene, viscosene, apigenin, and clerodolone (Kekuda et al. 2019). Apigenin is known to inhibit the growth of Plasmodium berghei (Amiri et al. 2018).
Environmental Factors Impacting Bioactive Metabolite Accumulation in Brazilian Medicinal Plants
Published in Luzia Valentina Modolo, Mary Ann Foglio, Brazilian Medicinal Plants, 2019
Camila Fernanda de Oliveira Junkes, Franciele Antonia Neis, Fernanda de Costa, Anna Carolina Alves Yendo, Arthur Germano Fett-Neto
The shoots of A. philoxeroides (alligator weed) contain betacyanins. Addition of 100 μM MeJA to standard in vitro culture medium resulted in a fourfold increase in the pigment amaranthine after 35 days, in spite of having a negative impact on development (Perotti et al., 2016).
Improved hepatoprotective activity of Beta vulgaris L. leaf extract loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS): in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Ahmed Alaa Kassem, Sameh Hosam Abd El-Alim, Asmaa Mohamed Salman, Mona Arafa Mohammed, Nabila Salah Hassan, Souad Eisawy El-Gengaihi
Beta vulgaris L. (beetroot) is a vegetable plant that belongs to family Amaranthaceae [6]. It is native to the coasts of the Mediterranean and is extensively cultivated in Europe, America and many parts of India [7]. In Egypt, the plant was first cultivated in 1982 for sugar production [8]. Beetroot is a rich source of phytochemical compounds such as phenolic acids, carotenoids and flavonoids [9,10]. Beetroot also contains betalains, which are a group of highly bioactive pigments [11,12]. Several reports have showed that Beta vulgaris L. root extracts possess hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antihypertensive [13], anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities [14,15]. Yet, in spite of the reported benefits of beetroot, a small number of studies have explored the effects of the stalks, leaves and other less-consumed parts of the plant [16]. The presence of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, flavonoids, minerals, vitamins and betalains; for example, the red violet pigments; betacyanins and the yellow pigments; betaxanthines has been shown in the leaves [17]. El-Gengaihi et al. reported the occurrence of different phenolic acids in leaves' extract from which gallic acid was the major. The beet leaves' extract showed a notable anti-hepatotoxic activity against hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride [7]. Beet leaves' extract has also exhibited hepatoprotective effect against ethanol [17] and acetaminophen [18] induced hepatotoxicity.
Encapsulation of beetroot juice: a study on the application of pumpkin oil cake protein as new carrier agent
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2020
Jelena Čakarević, Vanja Šeregelj, Vesna Tumbas Šaponjac, Gordana Ćetković, Jasna Čanadanović Brunet, Senka Popović, Milica Hadnađev Kostić, Ljiljana Popović
Beetroot has been recognised as a source of phenolic compounds, including betalains, water-soluble pigments, red betacyanins and yellow betaxanthins. These pigments have valuable biological effects, although they are sensitive and could be preserved by encapsulation. The capacity of protein as carrier material in encapsulation could be defined also as the ability to release the core under specific conditions, like simulated gastrointestinal digestion. A method of representing protein as the releasing agent was determination of TPC and BC contents in the encapsulate. The TPC and BC in powders after in vitro digestion are shown in Table 2. From the presented data it can be concluded that the encapsulated powders were digestible. Similarly, Tumbas Šaponjac et al. (2016) reported that TPC in encapsulated beetroot pomace extract on soy protein was lower after in vitro digestion. Studies showed that interaction phenol–protein was the result of bond formation, mainly non-covalent, and could express different biological activity (Karefyllakis et al.2017).
Functional Food and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment: A Review
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2018
Sedigheh Asgary, Ali Rastqar, Mahtab Keshvari
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) belongs to the Chenopodiaceae family and is originally from temperate climate regions (168). This plant contains biologically active phytochemicals, including betalains (e.g., betacyanins and betaxanthins), flavonoids, polyphenols, and dietary nitrate (169). Dietary nitrate and nitrite serve as a nitric oxide (NO) sources (170). NO has a vital role in the regulation of vascular tone and BP (171,172). Cao et al. suggested that nitrite, a known vasodilator, has an indirect effect in promoting vascular NO synthesis (173).