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Complications of Equine Anesthesia
Published in Michele Barletta, Jane Quandt, Rachel Reed, Equine Anesthesia and Pain Management, 2023
Signs of shock in the horse include: Rapid heart rate.Weak pulse.Rapid respiratory rate.Pale, tacky mucous membranes.Cool skin and extremities.Ataxia.
Turn It Off – Relaxation Training
Published in Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck, Reclaim Your Life From IBS, 2022
Melissa G. Hunt, Aaron T. Beck
If you’re the kind of person who likes “data” there’s a fun way to incorporate simple biofeedback into this by watching your heart rate rise and fall while you breathe. Either use a device that gives you a pulse reading (a fit bit, smartwatch, exercise heart rate monitor, or pulse oximeter) or simply put your fingers on a pulse point at your wrist or neck. During the inhale, your heart will speed up a little, and then during the exhale it will slow down. That’s the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system. As you slow and deepen your breathing, your overall heart rate will go down, but you’ll still notice that it beats faster while you inhale and slower while you exhale. If you can notice that, you’re doing it right! Weirdly, the ability to maximize heart rate “variability” (the difference between the slow and fast beats) is a sign of both cardiovascular health AND good emotion regulation skills. It means you can both rise to a challenge (with sympathetic activation) AND calm yourself down quickly afterward (with parasympathetic activation).
Coronary Artery Disease
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
Female patients often have atypical chest discomfort, and older patients may have more dyspnea than ischemic-related chest pain. If there is severe ischemia, the pain may be extreme and the patient becomes apprehensive and restless. Nausea and vomiting are more common with inferior MI. For some patients, the primary symptoms are dyspnea and weakness (from LV failure), pulmonary edema, significant arrhythmia, and shock. The patient’s skin may be moist, pale, and cool, and peripheral or central cyanosis may be seen. Blood pressure can be varied, but many patients first experience early hypertension when the pain manifests. The pulse is often described as thready. Heart sounds are often slightly distant, and a fourth heart sound is nearly always present. In some cases, there is a soft systolic blowing apical murmur, which indicates dysfunction of the papillary muscle of the heart. Upon first examination, a preexisting heart condition or another type of condition may be suggested by a friction rub or more significant murmurs. If a friction rub is found within several hours after MI symptoms begin, acute pericarditis is more likely than MI. Even so, friction rubs described usually as evanescent. In about 15% of patients, the chest wall is tender when it is palpated. Signs of RV infarction include distended jugular veins, often with the Kussmaul sign, elevated RV filling pressure, lung fields that are clear, and hypotension.
The pathophysiology and management of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease patients
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2023
Mehmet Kanbay, Sidar Copur, Cem Tanriover, Furkan Yavuz, Andrea Galassi, Paola Ciceri, Mario Cozzolino
In patients with CKD, the assessment and monitoring of VC has been achieved by using several different imaging tools [48]. Individuals in the general public have calcium-phosphate depositions, especially in the plaques with calcification indicating a matured version of these plaques (intimasclerosis, atherosclerosis) [49]. On the other hand, individuals with ESRD and diabetes, in addition to having plaques develop calcification at a faster pace, have a tendency to accumulate calcium-phosphate deposits diffusely throughout the vasculature, particularly within the media (Möckenberg type calcification, mediasclerosis, arteriosclerosis) [49]. Atherosclerotic plaques with calcification can impair blood flow distal to the plaques and can result in infarctions and strokes, whereas arteriosclerosis does not lead to an occlusion but leads to an increased systolic blood pressure, a wide pulse pressure and a decreased arterial blood flow in diastole with left ventricular hypertrophy [49]. Pulse wave velocity can represent the widespread medial lesions which translates into an elevated stiffening of the arteries and decrease in compliance [49–51]. The intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement permits the assessment of intimal atherosclerosis, medial thickening, vessel wall hypertrophy and the semi-quantitative evaluation of calcification in the plaques [49–53]. The calcification score indicates the total calcium load of the coronary arteries, regardless of localization (whether it be in the plaques, intima, media, or diffuse) [49,50].
The effects of music therapy on peripherally inserted central catheter in hospitalized children with leukemia
Published in Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 2023
Ting-Ting Zhang, Zhong Fan, Shu-Zhen Xu, Zheng-Yao Guo, Min Cai, Qiong Li, Yan-Lai Tang, Li-Wei Wang, Xi Chen, Li-Jun Tang, Zhi-Ying Li, Yun Wen
Before the catheterization, the bedside nurse referred the child to a music therapist. Music therapists and nurses conduct music therapy assessment before the operation, including gathering information of children from the medical staff and their parents; communicating with children to know their music preferences. The emotional state, pain degree, heart rate, respiration and blood oxygen concentration of children were recorded at the same time before the operation. Emotional states were recorded by seven faces depicting expressions varying from very happy to very unhappy, which were assigned a score of 1 to 7. Pain degree was measured by the children’s choice on a scale of 0 to 5 (not painful to very painful). A Pulse oximeter was used to record the heart rate and blood oxygen concentration.
Parameter study on characteristic pulse diagram of polycystic ovary syndrome based on logistic regression analysis
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Weiying Wang, Weiwei Zeng, Xinmin Chen, Liping Tu, Jiatuo Xu, Xiuqi Yin
In recent years, modernisation of pulse diagnosis has made significant progress. With pulse diagram analysis technology as the core, time-domain analysis method has been recognised by many scholars (Li et al.1989, Chen et al.2018). The shape of pulse wave, related to many factors such as cardiac output, arterial blood pressure and vascular resistance, reflects the functional state of cardiovascular system and the physiological and pathological state of the whole body through neurohumoral regulation. The pulse map is the trajectory of the vascular pulse, which integrates the cardiac ejection activity and varied information carried by the pulse wave along the vascular tree. The time domain analysis method is used to analyse the correlation between the height of the pulse wave amplitude and the time direction of the pulse, including parameters such as the pulse wave, the height of the gorge (h), and the corresponding time value (t) (Fei 2003). The pulse diagram and its parameters are illustrated in Figure 1 and specific parameters are defined in Supplementary Table 1.