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Anatomy for neurotrauma
Published in Hemanshu Prabhakar, Charu Mahajan, Indu Kapoor, Essentials of Anesthesia for Neurotrauma, 2018
Vasudha Singhal, Sarabpreet Singh
The great cerebral vein (of Galen) is a short median vessel formed by the union of the two internal cerebral veins, which opens into the anterior end of the straight sinus. It also receives the basal veins, occipital veins, and the posterior callosal vein.
Head
Published in Harold Ellis, Adrian Kendal Dixon, Bari M. Logan, David J. Bowden, Human Sectional Anatomy, 2017
Harold Ellis, Adrian Kendal Dixon, Bari M. Logan, David J. Bowden
This section passes through the posterior part of the opening in the tentorium cerebelli (27). Note the great cerebral vein (26), a short median vessel formed by the union of the two internal cerebral veins. It passes backwards to open into the anterior end of the straight sinus, which lies at the junction of the falx cerebri (9) with the tentorium cerebelli.
Cheryl
Published in Walter J. Hendelman, Peter Humphreys, Christopher R. Skinner, The Integrated Nervous System, 2017
Walter J. Hendelman, Peter Humphreys, Christopher R. Skinner
The system of veins that drain the deep structures of the brain emerges medially as the internal cerebral veins, one from each hemisphere (Figure 9.6b). These veins join in the midline in the region behind the diencephalon to form the great cerebral vein (of Galen). At this point, there is another exception to the rule of the formation of venous sinuses. A sinus is located in the midline, where the falx splays out laterally to form the tentorium. This is known as the straight sinus (Figure 9.6b and c). The great cerebral vein becomes continuous with the straight sinus, in the midline lying above the cerebellum. At this point, it is joined by the inferior sagittal sinus. At the back of skull, the straight sinus joins with the superior sagittal sinus. The venous sinuses now divide, and the blood flows into the transverse sinuses (Figure 9.6c and d). The venous blood exits the skull via the sigmoid sinus, becoming the internal jugular vein (Figure 9.6b and d), one on each side of the neck.
The ‘worm’ in our brain. An anatomical, historical, and philological study on the vermis cerebelli
Published in Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 2023
Evidently, this is a different anatomical attribution of the structure responsible for opening and closing the passage from the middle to the posterior ventricle, and it is contrary to Galen, who correctly placed the pineal gland outside, not inside, the middle ventricle. For Galen, the pineal gland was not a part of the brain and therefore could not contract and expand, unlike the vermis. Hence, despite its anatomical localization at the beginning of the conduit that connects the middle and the posterior ventricles, according to Galen and his followers the pineal gland could not control the flow of psychic pneuma (Rocca 2003). For Galen, the pineal’s function was to support the veins in the roof of the third ventricle, especially the bifurcation of the great cerebral vein (later named after him) into the two internal cerebral veins (see Rocca 2003).
Acute cerebral venous outflow obstruction during convexity meningioma resection
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2021
Bo Shen, Changchen Hu, Liming Jia, Yanjun Hu
In the cerebral venous system, the TS collects blood from the SSS, StS, great cerebral vein, and other blood vessels; however, its intramural pressure is approximately 50% lower than that of the other sinuses [14]. Therefore, once the TS is directly compressed by a hematoma, its internal blood flow rate will drop sharply. The patient’s dural sinus anatomy was characterized by a complete absence rather than hypoplasia of the left TS (Figure 1); therefore, the SSS and StS drained entirely into the right TS. Thus, once the right TS was blocked, there was no compensatory collateral circulation. According to the literature, this distinct anatomical feature accounts for 16.6% of the general population [15,16]. At this rate, it will not be an uncommon occurrence for neurosurgeons to encounter these patients. Acute cerebral venous outflow obstruction cannot be underestimated as IIH alone, because, coupled with direct compression by the hematoma, the condition often deteriorates rapidly. This could explain why no more than 20 mL of EDH eventually had catastrophic consequences. We believe that the patient's unique dural sinus anatomy was the intrinsic cause of the intraoperative intractable cerebral hernia.