China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Fibular Hemimelia
Published in Benjamin Joseph, Selvadurai Nayagam, Randall T Loder, Anjali Benjamin Daniel, Essential Paediatric Orthopaedic Decision Making, 2022
Caroline M Blakey, James A Fernandes
Options for correcting deformities Knee (genu valgum) Hemi-epiphyseodesis of the distal femurDistal femoral osteotomyTibia (antero-medial bow) Osteotomy and acute correction (if lengthening not planned)Osteotomy and gradual correction during lengthening
Answers
Published in Samar Razaq, Difficult Cases in Primary Care, 2021
Pes planus or flat feet in children is usually part of normal feet development, particularly in the newly weight-bearing infant. The longitudinal arch of the foot is flat. Associated changes seen include valgus eversion of the heel and outward turning of the forefoot. Laxity at the knee joint resulting in genu valgum may also be present. The child should be encouraged to walk around the room while these changes are observed. Asking an older child to stand on tiptoe may reveal an underlying normal arch. A degree of ligamentous laxity on examination of the heel is expected and probably responsible for the heel eversion. In such benign cases, parents should be reassured and advised that a normal arch is expected to develop with time. Appropriate footwear, walking barefoot and foot inversion exercises (encouraging the child to pick things with his or her feet) may all be encouraged. The child, however, should be monitored for the development of red flags that include pain, hypermobility or rigidity. This may be due to bony or soft tissue abnormalities leading to ‘tarsal coalition’, a congenitally vertical talus (rocker-bottom feet) or neurological problems such as cerebral palsy.
Orthopaedics and musculoskeletal system
Published in Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge, MCQs in Paediatrics, 2020
Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge
14.3. Bilateral knock knee (genu valgum) isa normal limb posture from 2-6 years.treated with shoe wedges.painless.best monitored by serial x-rays.usually treated by splinting.
Rickets mimicker: a report of two cases of primary hyperparathyroidism in adolescence
Published in Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa, 2019
Imran M Paruk, Fraser J Pirie, Ayesha A Motala
Further inquiry revealed no family history of rickets or other medical conditions and he had a twin brother who was well. Clinical examination revealed proportionate short stature with a height of 131 cm and weight of 43 kg; Z-scores were −5.5 and −3.0 respectively. There were no dysmorphic features and he had delayed secondary sexual characteristics with a Tanner stage 2 appearance. Musculoskeletal examination revealed pectus carinatum, Harrison’s sulcus, kyphoscoliosis and rachitic rosary, suggestive of rickets. He had bilateral fixed flexion deformities of the knees with genu valgum on the right and he was unable to stand without assistance (Figure 1a–b). Systemic examination was normal. The working diagnosis was that of rickets, proportionate short stature and delayed puberty.
Distal femoral shortening osteotomy for treatment of sciatic nerve palsy after total hip arthroplasty — a report of 3 cases
Published in Acta Orthopaedica, 2018
Benjamin Puliero, William G Blakeney, Yann Beaulieu, Alain Roy, Pascal-André Vendittoli
Our technique has several advantages compared with proximal femoral osteotomy. First, the surgery is simple and there is no need to modify the hip arthroplasty, which could compromise stability. Second, it avoids the risk of infection or periprosthetic fracture due to revision surgery. Similar techniques have been used in the absence of sciatic nerve palsy with few complications reported (Cameron et al. 2015). It also avoids the risk of metaphyseal nonunion seen with proximal femoral osteotomies. Lastly, it may be an opportunity to correct severe genu valgum, which is often present in the DDH patient, by performing a wedge osteotomy.
Pseudohypoparathyroidism presenting in children at a tertiary hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa
Published in Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa, 2020
N Madi, FY Moosa, KB Parbhoo, JM Pettifor, K Thandrayen
In our case series, all our patients had resistance to PTH, which is the defining criterion of PHP (see Table 2). Five patients (Cases 1–5) presented with some features of AHO. The most frequent features of AHO in our patients were round facies, type E brachydactyly and short stature. Genu valgum, a feature not associated with AHO, was found in two patients. Five of our patients had early-onset obesity (occurring in the first year of life, seen in cases 1–4 and 8), and three patients had thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) resistance (cases 1–2 and 8).