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Arteropathies, Microcirculation and Vasculitis
Published in Mary N. Sheppard, Practical Cardiovascular Pathology, 2022
Endofibrosis is a rare disease affecting mainly highly trained cyclists. However, it is now found in many other endurance athletes of both genders. Exercise-induced arterial endofibrosis was first described in competitive cyclists in 1985. It was previously known as ‘external iliac artery endofibrosis’ as this was affected in 90% of the cases.9 The term was changed later since other locations were affected such as the common iliac artery, the common femoral artery, the profunda femoris and quadricipital artery. It consists of intraluminal nonatheromatous fibrous thickening and is due to repeated trauma associated with vigorous exercise. The internal elastic membrane, media and adventitia are usually normal, but the elastic membrane may be duplicated. It is now treated primarily with drug-coated balloon angioplasty.9
Uterine Devascularization
Published in Sanjeewa Padumadasa, Malik Goonewardene, Obstetric Emergencies, 2021
Sanjeewa Padumadasa, Prasantha Wijesinghe
The common iliac artery bifurcates in front of the sacroiliac joint at the level of the intervertebral disc between the L5 and S1 vertebrae and into two main branches: the external iliac artery and the internal iliac artery. The bifurcation of the common iliac artery stands out as an inverted Y. The internal iliac artery branches off from the common iliac artery at a right angle and courses medially and inferiorly to supply the pelvic viscera. The continuation of the common iliac artery is the external iliac artery, which courses laterally and superiorly over the psoas muscle to continue into the lower limb at the inguinal ligament, as the femoral artery (Figure 18.4).
Lower Limb
Published in Bobby Krishnachetty, Abdul Syed, Harriet Scott, Applied Anatomy for the FRCA, 2020
Bobby Krishnachetty, Abdul Syed, Harriet Scott
The main blood supply to the lower limb is by the femoral artery, which is the continuation of the external iliac artery. The femoral artery continues as the popliteal artery in the lower leg (Table 6.1 and Figure 6.3).
Technical success and outcomes using a flexible bifurcated stent graft (AorfixTM) in abdominal aortic aneurysms: a systematic review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Aazeb Khan, Emily Khoo, Vivak Hansrani, Mohamed Banihani, Haisum Qayyum, George A. Antoniou, Bella Huasen
The majority of the complications listed in Table 3 occurred due to partial or complete coverage of a visceral aortic branch by the endograft, or limb occlusion. There were four reported cases of acute limb ischemia, requiring intervention, of which three were within 2 days of the primary procedure [12,13], and the fourth patient presented on day 14 post procedure due to endograft limb occlusion [16]. Internal iliac artery occlusion reported in 12 patients (planned in one only) had mild buttock claudication symptoms and required no intervention. One author reports an ipsilateral external iliac artery occlusion occurring due to damage from the delivery system [7]. There were two reported cases of bowel ischemia, one managed conservatively [13], and the other patient died due to bowel infarction found on laparotomy [12]. Out of the four patients reported to have renal impairment, only one required renal artery stenting [13], but none of them required any renal support.
External iliac artery injury following total hip arthroplasty via the direct anterior approach—a case report
Published in Acta Orthopaedica, 2020
Ellen Burlage, Jasper G Gerbers, Bob R H Geelkerken, Wiebe C Verra
THA via the lateral and posterolateral approach and their association with vascular injuries has been well described in the literature. Shoenfeld et al. (1990) identified 63 cases via the lateral approach and found the external iliac artery to have the highest injury rate with 36 injuries. Injuries of the external iliac artery consisted of 11 pseudoaneurysms and 17 thromboembolic complications. For the remaining 8 external iliac artery injuries the type of injury was not specified. The causes of the vascular injuries were cement related (one-third), misplacement of a retractor (one-third) or excessive traction on the vessel (one-tenth). Emergent vascular intervention at the time of the THA was necessary in 27 cases. In half of these cases the external iliac artery was involved. The causes of the external iliac artery injury needing emergency intervention were not specified.
Uterine transplantation
Published in Climacteric, 2019
A second team of surgeons prepared the recipient in an adjacent operating room. A midline incision from the pubis to the umbilicus permitted adequate entry to the abdomen. The vaginal vault was dissected free from the bladder and rectum. For the subsequent organ fixation, 1–0 polypropylene sutures were applied to the uterine rudiment. The external iliac artery and vein were bilaterally separated from each other and from adjacent tissue to a distance of 60 mm. The uterine vessels were placed in their normal position in the pelvis and bilateral end-to-side vascular anastomoses were performed between the graft vessels and the external iliac vessels of the recipient with the use of continuous 7–0 polypropylene sutures for arterial anastomosis and 8–0 sutures for venous anastomosis. The vaginal rim of the graft was anastomosed to the top of the recipient’s vagina with a continuous absorbable 2–0 suture1,17,18.