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Cardiomyopathy
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Cardiomyopathy is any progressive chronic disease that deforms the heart muscle, making the walls enlarged, inflamed, or brittle, and impairs the heart’s ability to efficiently pump blood. The three main types of cardiomyopathy include dilated (with stretched walls and impaired contraction), hypertrophic (usually an enlarged and thick left ventricle), and restrictive (abnormally brittle ventricles that restrict filling). As a result, the heart’s function is flawed and it cannot maintain a normal ejection fraction or cardiac output.
Cancer Therapies and Cardiac Dysfunction
Published in Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Hal A. Skopicki, Javed Butler, Heart Failure, 2023
Victoria Shklar, Katherine Godfrey, Michelle E. Bloom
Other therapies for chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy may be applicable, including implantable cardioverter defibrillators, chronic resynchronization therapy, LV assist devices, and orthotopic heart transplantation.140 Practitioners should carefully consider the cancer prognosis and reversibility of LV dysfunction in such patients before proceeding with advanced therapies.
Hereditary and Metabolic Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Adults
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Mild cases presenting in adulthood may not have classic findings of acroparesthesia, pain, and angiokeratoma. Here, patients may have: Peripheral neuropathy.Unexplained cardiomyopathy.Cerebrovascular events before age 40.Most will have corneal findings on slit-lamp examination.
Left ventricular long-axis ultrasound strain (GLS) is an ideal indicator for patients with anti-hypertension treatment
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2022
Tingting Wu, Lulu Zheng, Saidan Zhang, Lan Duan, Jing Ma, Lihuang Zha, Lingfang Li
The Research Ethics Committee of the Xiangya Hospital of Central South University had approved this study. All participating members had carefully read and signed informed consent. All enrolled members were divided into three groups, including 1) hypertensive treatment experimental group: 56 patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension were followed up. 3) Healthy control group: 37 normal volunteers from the physical examination center were collected. The inclusion criteria are as follows: 1) Newly diagnosed essential hypertension. The diagnostic criteria included not taking antihypertensive drugs, measuring blood pressure three times on a different day, systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg (14); 2) 2) Patients with the previous diagnosis of hypertension and poor blood pressure control. After taking antihypertensive drugs, blood pressure was measured three times on a different day. The systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure≥90 mmHg. Moreover, exclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Patients have diagnosed as coronary heart disease; 2) Patients with various types of valvular heart disease; 3) Patients with various types of cardiomyopathy; 4) Patients with atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter; 5) Patients were previously diagnosed with primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension; 6) Patients with secondary hypertension; 7) LVEF <50% of patients with hypertension; 8) Patients with diabetes; 9) Patients with atrioventricular block of
The lethal effects and determinants of microcystin-LR on heart: a mini review
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Muwaffak Alosman, Linghui Cao, Isaac Yaw Massey, Fei Yang
Cardiomyopathy occurs as a result of damage heart muscle, which leads to disturbance in the heart of pumping action, and consequent heart failure. As mentioned previously, high dose of MC-LR induce myocardial damage, and cardiotoxicity of MC-LR can cause intracellular oxidative stress imbalance, which may lead to neutrophil inflammatory infiltration, increase protease secretion, and produce a large number of oxidative intermediate products. This may induce cardiopathy (Ding and Ong 2003). As explained earlier, the operating mechanism of MC-LR toxicity is increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impeding the normal functioning of both PP-1 and PP-2A. La-Salete et al. (2008) indicated that the toxicity further interacts with aldehyde dehydrogenase, synthases mechanism of mitochondrial ATP, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation leading to cardiomyopathy and heart failure.
AL type cardiac amyloidosis: a devastating fatal disease
Published in Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, 2021
Adeel Nasrullah, Anam Javed, Thejus T Jayakrishnan, Aaron Brumbaugh, Ariel Sandhu, Brent Hardman
Clinical presentation of AL type cardiac amyloidosis is varied based on the involved site. Fatigue and weakness are the most common presenting symptoms. Restrictive cardiomyopathy presents with signs and symptoms of diastolic heart failure and decreased exercise tolerance. With progression of the disease, atrial dilation occurs, which predisposes patients to atrial fibrillation and further sequelae of clot formation and systemic embolization. Cardiac conduction may be disrupted by amyloid deposition, often causing a variety of heart blocks. Soft tissue involvement has been seen as periorbital ecchymosis and macroglossia in 12.5% and 27.2%, respectively [7]. Renal AL amyloid can cause myeloma kidney and nephrotic syndrome. With underlying kidney disease, the patient may develop progressive renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy, as seen in the present case. Similar deposits in the liver and peripheral nerves can present as hepatomegaly, transaminitis, and peripheral neuropathy, respectively.