China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Cardiovascular Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Atrial flutter is a tachycardia in which the atrial rate is usually about 300 beats/min and there is a 2 : 1 AV block giving a ventricular rate of 150 beats/min (Figure 7.25). The ECG appearance has characteristic saw-tooth flutter waves. They are usually most obvious in leads III, aVF and V1. An atrial flutter ablation is usually curative. Anticoagulation is indicated.
Fetal echocardiography
Published in Hung N. Winn, Frank A. Chervenak, Roberto Romero, Clinical Maternal-Fetal Medicine Online, 2021
Caroline K. Lee, Erik C. Michelfelder, Gautam K. Singh
The majority of fetal tachycardias are due to supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Characteristically, it shows 1:1 atrioventricular contraction sequence, abrupt onset and termination, and minimal (within 10bpm range) or no heart rate variability. The fetal heart rate can range from 220 to 300 bpm. Atrial flutter due to intra-atrial reentrant mechanism is common next to atrioventricular reentrant SVT (68). In atrial flutter, the atrial rate is in excess of ventricular rate. It ranges from 300 to 500 bpm with variable atrioventricular block leading to a ventricular rate ranging from normal to ≥300 bpm. The ventricular rate is often irregular in contrast to the minimal variability seen in SVT.
Bioelectric and Biomagnetic Signal Analysis
Published in Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam, Introduction to Computational Health Informatics, 2019
Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam
In Atrial Flutter (AFlu), the electric impulses circulate in the atria causing a circulating current that causes depolarization at the rate of 250–300 beats/minute. It occurs due to uneven delay in conduction in different parts of the heart-muscles caused by the inactivation of sodium ion-channels. The discharge of depolarizing current from the reentrant loops causes negative P-waves 90% of the time, and P-wave may be missed around 10% of the time. Sometimes negative P-waves get superimposed with T-waves showing up as a missing T-wave or a T-wave with reduced magnitude. The waveforms for atrial flutter in lead II are given in Figure 7.12c. Atrial flutter occurs in patients suffering from cardiomyopathy, hypertension and diabetes.
Heart of lymphoma: a case report
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2023
Annemie Jacobs, Thomas Gevaert, Wim Volders, Dieter De Cleen, Katrien Van Kolen, Frank Cools, Steven Hellemans
A 67-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department due to progressive dyspnoea and fatigue. His medical history revealed type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, chronic kidney disease (KDIGO CKD stage II), venous leg ulcers, a recent COVID-19 infection and coronary artery disease (triple vessel disease with need of coronary artery bypass grafting, but after multidisciplinary decision-making in the heart team, revascularisation by percutaneous coronary intervention was preferred, but postponed due to the COVID-19 infection). Lung exam showed bilaterally decreased breath sounds in an obese, subfebrile patient. Edema in both arms and legs was noticed. Laboratory results revealed a significant iron deficiency anaemia (Table 1). Chest radiography showed an unilateral right-sided pleural effusion (Figure 1). Electrocardiogram showed a new diagnosis of atrial flutter with an acceptable ventricular response, and low voltage QRS complex. A blood transfusion with 2 units of packed cells was prescribed and the patient was transmitted to the digestive department, after consulting the cardiologist on call.
Predictors of cognitive dysfunction in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with liver transplant
Published in Amyloid, 2023
Sara Cavaco, Ana Martins da Silva, Joana Fernandes, Ana Paula Sousa, Cristina Alves, Márcio Cardoso, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Teresa Coelho
A total of 269 patients were included in the study (Table 1). Fifty-five percent were male and the median (minimum–maximum): age was 45 years old (28–75), education was 7 years (4–21), age at disease onset was 30 years old (19–57), disease duration was 14 years (4–30), disease duration post-LT duration was 10 years (0–40) and mPND score was 2 (0–4). Atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation was identified in 13 patients (5.2%). Thirty-five patients (13%) had cognitive dysfunction and the remaining 234 patients (87%) had normal cognition. The cognitive dysfunction group was divided into two subgroups according to the level of dysfunction: 14 (5%) had mild cognitive dysfunction and 21 (8%) had moderate cognitive dysfunction. The frequency of deficits on each measure per each cognitive status group is presented in Supplementary Table S1.
Cardiomyopathy and heart failure secondary to anabolic-androgen steroid abuse
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Onyedika J. Ilonze, Chioma O. Enyi, Chibuzo C. Ilonze
An electrocardiogram (Figure 1a) showed atrial flutter with rapid ventricular response with 2:1 atrioventricular conduction. His heart rate was 130 to 150 beats/min, and his blood pressure was 109/64 mm Hg. He received intravenous adenosine 18 mg and a diltiazem bolus. He developed acute respiratory distress and was intubated and mechanically ventilated. Computed tomography of the chest showed bilateral interstitial pulmonary edema with pleural effusions. Transesophageal echocardiogram on day 2 showed severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 15%, mitral regurgitation, biatrial enlargement, and no left atrial appendage thrombus. He underwent direct current cardioversion with restoration of sinus rhythm; however, atrial flutter recurred within 24 hours. Pharmacologic therapy to maintain sinus rhythm included intravenous amiodarone followed by oral amiodarone.