China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Stroke
Published in Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman, MCQs in Neurology and Neurosurgery for Medical Students, 2022
Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman
FALSE – It will cause weakness predominantly in the contralateral leg and may affect the contralateral arm (more mildly). The anterior cerebral artery supplies the frontal and medial aspects of the cerebral hemispheres (refer to the motor homunculus if unfamiliar). If both arteries are infarcted, an akinetic mutism may result where the patient is unable to speak or move as a result of severe frontal lobe damage.5
ISQ – Neuroscience
Published in Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat, MRCPsych Part 1 In a Box, 2019
Bhaskar Punukollu, Michael Phelan, Anish Unadkat
False – Anterior cerebral artery lesions – (i) upper motor neurone (UMN) palsy of foot and lower limb on contralateral side; (ii) sensory loss on contralateral side – foot and lower limb; (iii) urinary problems. Posterior cerebral artery lesions – (i) alexia without agraphia in left posterior cerebral artery lesions; (ii) Weber’s syndrome; (iii) UMN palsy of whole contralateral side; (iv) ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy; (v) superior homonymous quadrantinopia.
Anatomy for neurotrauma
Published in Hemanshu Prabhakar, Charu Mahajan, Indu Kapoor, Essentials of Anesthesia for Neurotrauma, 2018
Vasudha Singhal, Sarabpreet Singh
The anterior cerebral artery supplies the corpus callosum, medial parts of the frontal and parietal lobes (up to the parieto-occipital sulcus), including the sensorimotor cortex of the paracentral lobule, basal ganglia, and medial part of orbital surface. Motor weakness and sensory loss of the contralateral lower extremity is the commonest symptom of anterior cerebral artery occlusion.
Impact of visual impairment following stroke (IVIS study): a prospective clinical profile of central and peripheral visual deficits, eye movement abnormalities and visual perceptual deficits
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Fiona J. Rowe, Lauren R. Hepworth, Claire Howard, Kerry L. Hanna, Jim Currie
Visual acuity is a primary measure of central visual function. The majority (81.4%) of stroke survivors needed glasses and wore their current glasses for visual acuity assessments. The mean near and distance visual acuities were below cut-off levels of low vision defined by the World Health Authority [20] and, by default, below levels acceptable for driving according to international driving regulations [21,28]. Our findings are similar to other studies reporting reduced central vision with reports of 15–25% at logMAR levels worse than 0.5 [29,30]. New onset reduced central vision may be due to stroke-related impact to the visual pathway. Arterial blood supply to the retina is from the central retinal artery – a branch from the anterior cerebral artery. Healthy vascular perfusion of the retina, and particularly the foveal and macular areas, is essential to high level central vision [2]. It is feasible that reduced central vision following stroke may reflect reduced perfusion and relative ischaemia within the anterior visual pathway. Visual field loss was predominantly homonymous hemianopia and quadrantanopia as is frequently reported [31–34].
Bowel perforation in morbid obesity secondary to COVID-19 infection
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Allen Jacob, Sujith Puskoor, Heath Douglas White
The patient was immediately taken to the operating room. Approximately 4.5 cm of his ascending colon and 37.0 cm of his transverse colon were removed, with colostomy creation 2 days later to allow for bowel rest. Gross pathologic exam of the resected colon showed transmural defects and associated serositis/abscess, but no thrombosis was identified. Imaging of the brain revealed a left anterior cerebral artery infarct. Two days after that event, tracheostomy was performed due to failure to wean from mechanical ventilation. Serial chest x-rays revealed worsening respiratory status with findings of interval increase in multifocal pneumonia and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. After ongoing conversations about goals of care, the patient’s family elected to transition to comfort care. At 45 days postpresentation, the patient passed away.
Gadolinium enhancement of atherosclerotic plaque in the intracranial artery
Published in Neurological Research, 2021
Yue Lu, Meng-fan Ye, Jie-ji Zhao, Shan-shan Diao, Tan Li, Dong-xue Ding, Lu-lu Zhang, Fei-rong Yao, Yan Kong, Zhuan Xu
The patient inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) patent had confirmed intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) through magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), computed tomographic angiography (CTA), and/or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) (including the anterior cerebral artery, the middle cerebral artery, the posterior cerebral artery, the basilar artery, the intracranial vertebral artery, and the intracranial segment of the internal carotid artery); (2) patient underwent high resolution MRI; (3) patient had no obvious stenosis of the extracranial vertebral artery and the carotid artery (≥ 50%); (4) patient had at least one traditional risk factor for atherosclerosis, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and/or obesity. On the other hand, patient exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) patient had a non-atherosclerotic vascular disease, such as moyamoya disease, dissection, or vasculitis; (2) patient had risk factors for cardioembolic stroke, such as patent foramen ovale, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, and/or acute myocardial infarction; (3) the quality of pictures could not be used for diagnosis and analysis; (4) patient had contraindications for MRI and gadolinium-containing contrast agents. The final selection of 91 patients recruited for this study is shown in Figure 1. This study was reviewed and approved by our institutional Review Board; patient consent was waived by the same ethics committee.