China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
History taking and clinical examination in musculoskeletal disease
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
Ask the patient to walk on their heels with their feet inverted; the tibialis anterior tendon can be seen. With the patient's feet resting over the edge of the couch, ask the patient actively to dorsiflex and invert their foot to reach your hand. Palpate the tibialis anterior muscle.
Fibular flap
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
The first vascularized fibula flap transfer was used for ulnar reconstruction by Ueba in 1974 (series of cases published in 1983).1 Taylor et al. subsequently reported free anterior compartment, extensor hallucis longus (EHL) and extensor digitorum longus are attached to the anterior surface of the fibula. The large tibialis anterior muscle is found near the tibia. Separating the anterior and posterior compartments is the anterior inter-osseus membrane – a white fibrous band that is attached to both fibula and tibia. The anterior tibial artery and deep tibial nerve can be found running close to this membrane. In the posterior compartment, lying between tibialis posterior and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscles (and close to the deep surface of the fibula) are the peroneal vessels. The soleus and gastrocnemius form the muscle bulk of the posterior compartment. Finally, the anterior crural septum runs between peroneus longus and brevis and EHL, whereas the posterior crural septum runs between the peroneus longus and FHL – the latter septum is usually used to reach the fibula during the dissection.
Lower Extremity Surgical Anatomy
Published in Armstrong Milton B., Lower extremity Trauma, 2006
Latham Kerry, Baez Marcelo Lacayo, Armstrong Milton B., Arias Efrain
Tibialis anterior is a superficial and easily palpable muscle located lateral to the tibia, which dorsiflexes the foot. Its origin is the lateral condyle and proximal two-thirds of the lateral tibia and the interosseous membrane. It is approximately 25 × 4 cm2 and covers the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve proximally; then the muscle descends parallel to the tibia ending in a tendon which passes under the superior and inferior retinaculum and crosses the tibia medially at the ankle to insert on the base of the first metatarsal and cuneiform. Insertion variations may include insertion on the talus of the first metatarsal head or proximal hallux phalanx. The tibialis anterior is innervated by the deep peroneal nerve (anterior tibial nerve) from L4 and L5 roots. The tibialis anterior receives its blood supply from direct and recurrent branches of the AT as well as the medial malleolar artery distally in the tendinous portion. As this muscle is key to dorsiflexion, it is not expendable. However, a denervated muscle may be used as a rotational muscle flap for very small defects of the anterior tibia in the middle and lower third of the leg as a superiorly or inferiorly based flap.
The size and echogenicity of the tibialis anterior muscle is preserved in both limbs in young children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Steven J. Obst, Reuben Bickell, Kaysie Florance, Roslyn N. Boyd, Felicity Read, Lee Barber
Research on muscle development in children with CP has focused on muscles that contribute to propulsion during walking and which are prone to increased passive and reflex mediated stiffness; most commonly the medial gastrocnemius (MG) in children with CP [13]. Few studies have examined concomitant development of the tibialis anterior (TA), which has an important role in controlling foot-ankle position during gait [14] and exhibits high and prolonged levels of co-activation with the triceps surae during gait [15]. Activation differences combined with reduced muscle size and strength and increased passive stiffness of the gastrocnemius muscles [16] could increase the relative workload of TA during ambulation and contribute to asymmetric muscle growth compared to the MG muscle in children with CP.
Injuries in elite level male beach soccer players: a prospective three year study
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
The most common type of injury in football is muscle strain, followed by contusion and ligament injury [20]. Ekstrand et al. reported that muscle strains comprised 31% of all injuries in football [25]. In addition, ankle injuries comprised 13% and 12.1% of football and futsal injuries, respectively [26,27]. Furthermore, 67.5% of football ankle injuries and 84.2% of futsal injuries were sprains [26,27]. In the present study, it is noticeable that contusion, abrasion, and concussion were higher and strain and sprain were lower compared to football. Divert et al. reported that running barefoot enhances elastic energy in the ankle extensor muscle ensuring more dorsiflexion at the ankle, which might protect against ankle sprain [28]. Thus, we found two tibialis anterior syndrome in the leg and two extensor tendinopathy in the ankle due to this reason, probably. On the other hand, Bahr and Reeser reported that ankle sprain was observed less frequently in beach volleyball than indoor volleyball [29]. It might be thought that sand may reduce the incidence of ligament injury by causing the foot to slide without the formation of injury mechanisms (torsion, inversion, etc.). Thus, during the sliding of the foot, direct contact of the skin with sand, may increase the frequency of abrasion of the foot and ankle.
Kinesiology Taping in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Acute Effects on Performance, Gait Characteristics, and Balance
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2021
Güllü Aydin Yağcioğlu, İpek Alemdaroğlu Gürbüz, Ayşe Karaduman, Numan Bulut, Öznur Yilmaz
For quadriceps femoris muscles, patients lied supine and knees were placed in flexion. I-shaped band was applied on quadriceps femoris from approximately 5 cm under the spina iliaca anterior superior to patella with approximately 25–50% tension of the original length of the band. Y-shaped band was continued around patella and the two parts of the band were joined together under the patella without tension.16 For tibialis anterior muscles, each children’s feet were placed at plantar flexion while knees were extended, and I-shaped band was applied over tibialis anterior from origin to insertion of muscle, bilaterally, with approximately 25–50% tension. In both applications, the first and last 5 cm of the bands were used as anchor and no tension was applied.16,25 KT application was shown in Figure 2.