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Upper limb
Published in Aida Lai, Essential Concepts in Anatomy and Pathology for Undergraduate Revision, 2018
Attachments of teres minor muscle– origin: lat. aspect of inf. angle of scapula (above origin of teres major)– insertion: greater tubercle of humerus– nerve SS: axillary n. (C5 and 6)– function: laterally rotate arm, stabilise shoulder joint
Anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder
Published in Andreas B. Imhoff, Jonathan B. Ticker, Augustus D. Mazzocca, Andreas Voss, Atlas of Advanced Shoulder Arthroscopy, 2017
Lucca Lacheta, Bastian Scheiderer
The teres minor muscle forms the smallest muscle–tendon unit, consisting predominantly of muscle tissue and few tendinous fibers.30 It inserts below the infraspinatus muscle to the inferior facet on greater tuberosity of the humerus.
Test Paper 2
Published in Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike, Get Through, 2017
Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike
A 35-year-old weightlifter presents to the orthopaedic clinic with pain in the right shoulder. An initial radiograph is normal and no abnormality is identified on US. An MRI is suggested for further evaluation; it reveals increased T2W signal changes with fatty atrophy of the teres minor muscle. What is the likely diagnosis? Parsonage–Turner syndromeSpinoglenoid notch paralabral cystDuchenne’s muscular dystrophyQuadrilateral space syndromeAcute rotator cuff tear
Shoulder abduction reconstruction for C5–7 avulsion brachial plexus injury by dual nerve transfers: spinal accessory to suprascapular nerve and partial median or ulnar to axillary nerve
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Gavrielle Hui-Ying Kang, Fok-Chuan Yong
Another factor leading to improved results could be the definitive targeting of both the teres minor and deltoid muscles separately, in the axillary nerve neurotization [15]. If the neurorraphy were performed at a level before the axillary nerve divides into its branches, the teres minor (supplied by the posterior branch of the axillary nerve) may not be reinnervated. Such a phenomenon was observed in single neurotization of the suprascapular nerve (supplying the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles) with the spinal accessory nerve – various authors found that the supraspinatus was preferentially reinnervated over the infraspinatus [2,16,17]. Thus, we prefer a neurorraphy to the terminal nerve supplying the target muscle – in the case of the axillary nerve, this refers to its lateral and medial fascicular groups. The inferior border of the subscapularis is a convenient site for neurotization of both the anterior and posterior branches of the axillary nerve before it enters the quadrilateral space. This directly targets the lateral and medial fascicular groups respectively, to innervate both the deltoid and teres minor muscles. Two of our three cases with C5–C6 avulsion injuries had excellent shoulder abduction of 180°. We believe that in these patients, the inferior serratus anterior muscle function may be preserved and its action complements the deltoid muscle function [4,18].
Electromyographic analysis of select eccentric-focused rotator cuff exercises
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Takumi Fukunaga, Karl F. Orishimo, Malachy P. McHugh
When the nature of movements involved and the direction of resistance are considered, it is intuitive that the scaption exercises activated the supraspinatus muscle more than the other exercises and the ER exercises activated the infraspinatus muscle more than the other exercises. Supraspinatus and deltoid muscles elevate the arm in the scapular plane (i.e., scaption), whereas infraspinatus and teres minor muscles are responsible for externally rotating the arm (Moore, 2018). Important factors in appropriate exercise selection are not just whether or not certain muscles are active, but the levels of muscle activity and specificity of muscle activation.