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Subcorneal Pustular Dermatosis (SPD)
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
SPD is a rare skin disease in which discreet pus-filled pimples or blisters (pustules) or grouped vesicles form in crops under the top (subcorneal) layer of the skin, predominantly on the flexor surfaces. They usually appear on the trunk, particularly in the skin folds such as the armpits and groin. They may appear on otherwise normal skin, but often are present within a red patch. The pustules resolve over a few days and are replaced by fine scale before there is another relapse and new pustules form again.1 This condition is more common in middle-aged adults, especially women, but has also been reported in children.2
Other Complications of Diabetes
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
Diabetes affects every part of the body, including the skin. Often, skin abnormalities may be the first sign of diabetes mellitus. Fortunately, most skin conditions are preventable or easily treated if they are discovered early in their development. Diabetes makes it easier to develop bacterial or fungal skin infections as well as chronic itching. Other skin problems include diabetic dermopathy or blisters, acanthosis nigricans, and eruptive xanthomatosis. Bacterial infections include styes, boils, folliculitis, carbuncles, and infections around the nails. Fungal infections of the skin can cause blistering and scales, often in warm and moist skin folds. These are most common under the breasts, around the nails, between the fingers or toes, in the corners of the mouth, under the foreskin of uncircumcised men, in the armpits, and in the groin. Localized itching can be due to a yeast infection, poor circulation, or dry skin.
Eczema (dermatitis)
Published in Rashmi Sarkar, Anupam Das, Sumit Sethi, Concise Dermatology, 2021
Crisaborole is a topical PDE4 inhibitor indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in adult and pediatric patients 3 months of age and older. It can be used on the face and skinfolds but may sting when applied. It is most useful as maintenance therapy for mild to moderate eczema.
Ruxolitinib cream for the short-term treatment of mild-moderate atopic dermatitis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
Piotr K Krajewski, Jacek C Szepietowski
The first-line anti-inflammatory treatment for mild to moderate AD exacerbations are topical glucocorticosteroids (TCS). TCSs, in combination with emollients, provide excellent, fast resolution of skin lesions with a significant reduction of subjective symptoms [3]. Moreover, the application of TCSs reduces skin colonization with Staphylococcus aureus [1]. The type of TCS is chosen depending on the severity of AD, location of skin lesions, patient age, drug vehicle, and product registration. TCSs are fast, easy to use, effective, and relatively cheap drugs and, therefore, are frequently overused. Consequently, it is essential to remember that prolonged or inadequate use of TCSs may result in side effects. Prolonged use of high potency TCS is associated with skin atrophy, telangiectasias, hypertrichosis, dyspigmentation, perioral dermatitis, or tachyphylaxis [1–3,31]. These symptoms may be even more pronounced in sensitive skin areas (e.g. face, skin folds) or children. Hence, therapy should be supervised by a qualified dermatologist [1–3]. It is also worth underlining that more than half of the patients present with steroid phobia and, if not properly educated, may never use the prescribed TCSs [32].
Depressive symptoms before and after abdominoplasty among post-bariatric patients – a cohort study
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Christina Nielsen, Anna Elander, Trude Staalesen, Micheline Al Nouh, Monika Fagevik Olsén
Massive weight loss results in excess skin on the abdomen, breasts and limbs, resulting in an older appearance [15,16]. The flapping of excess skin is disturbing during physical activities, and skin folds have a high risk of being sites for infections. Thus, the problems associated with excess skin are physical, psychosocial and psychological [17]. Whether these psychological problems can induce or worsen depression is yet to be clarified. In recent years, some studies have suggested that the removal of excess skin through abdominoplasty not only attenuates the specific problems related to excess skin on the abdomen but also improves QoL, especially in terms of the mental health components [18]. Patients with a desire for body contouring surgery (BCS) assign significantly lower scores to appearance and body image satisfaction and exhibit more severe depressive symptoms than patients without a desire for BCS [18,19]. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the symptoms and severity of depression before and after abdominoplasty in post-bariatric patients and to analyse the relationship between depression resulting from the experience of excess skin and QoL.
Acute inflammatory edema as a variant of pseudocellulitis resolved after transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Mojahed Mohammad K. Shalabi, Nicole N. Dacy, Ronald E. Grimwood, Katherine Fiala, Meredith Amenell
Acute inflammatory edema commonly presents as bilateral, edematous, and erythematous plaques mainly involving the thighs and abdomen and less commonly the flanks, buttocks, and arms.2 It notably spares areas of the body where there is pressure on the skin, particularly skin folds. While the pathogenesis is not fully elucidated, acute inflammatory edema is theorized to be brought about by volume overload and impaired lymphatic drainage. This leads to the amassment of dermal edema, causing microtrauma to the connective tissue and influx of inflammatory cells.1 This disease has a predilection for patients who have a high body mass index, are fluid overloaded, and are typically in the intensive care unit.1 In the study of Marchionne et al, 87% of patients had a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Further, 93% of the patients had clinical signs of fluid overload, and 80% of the patients were in an intensive care unit setting. Acute inflammatory edema is mainly a clinical diagnosis; however, biopsy and culture can be performed to rule out cellulitis and other causes of pseudocellulitis.1,3 Reassurance and supportive care, along with encouraging mobility, use of compression, repositioning, and improving the patient’s fluid status (e.g., diuretics) are therapy options.2 If misdiagnosed as cellulitis, antibiotics should be discontinued.1,3