China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
A to Z Entries
Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
The vertebrae of the different regions of the spine have slight variations from this basic structure. The cervical vertebrae are the smallest of the independently moveable vertebrae and can easily be distinguished by the presence of an additional hole (transverse foramen) in each of the transverse processes. Several of them have interesting deviations from the basic structure described above. The first cervical vertebra is known as the atlas and has a ring-like structure without a defined vertebral body. The second cervical vertebra is called the axis because the atlas and the head rotate on it, around the superiorly projecting dens of the axis. The final, seventh, cervical vertebra has a long spinous process that can be palpated easily.
Posture and orthopedic impairments
Published in Michael Horvat, Ronald V. Croce, Caterina Pesce, Ashley Fallaize, Developmental and Adapted Physical Education, 2019
Michael Horvat, Ronald V. Croce, Caterina Pesce, Ashley Fallaize
Seventh Cervical (C7) Injuries below the seventh cervical vertebra will allow functioning of the triceps, which permit extension of the elbow as well as flexion and extension of the fingers. Development of the triceps stabilizes the elbow and allows grasping and releasing activities. Children will be independent in maneuvering a wheelchair and transfers and can perform pull-ups, archery, and table tennis–type activities.
The Spinal Cord and the Suboccipital Triangle
Published in Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause, Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause
Examine the seventh cervical vertebra. This vertebra, closely resembling a typical thoracic, vertebra, in many cases bears the long spinous process which forms the palpable landmark, the vertebra prominens. Its transverse processes may be notched, rather than having complete foramina.
Familial predisposition of thoracic outlet syndrome: does a familial syndrome exist? Report of cases and review of literature
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2021
Jens Goeteyn, Niels Pesser, Bart van Nuenen, Marc van Sambeek, Joep Teijink
These cases show a familial predisposition of thoracic outlet syndrome. A review of literature (Medline, EMBASE) could only identify two earlier case reports of familial predisposition of thoracic outlet syndrome [7,8]. One article reports on three patients in the same family (mother, daughter and aunt) diagnosed and treated for VTOS. They were all treated with a trans-axillary first rib resection with good results [8]. There is no description of possible anatomical variations of mechanism that caused three patients of the same family to end up with VTOS. Another case report describes the presence of CRs (described as apophysomegaly of the seventh cervical vertebra) in 13 family members of the same household (mother and 12 out of 13 children). All patients received physiotherapy and pain relief. Three children were additionally treated with TOD with resection of the CR [7].
Head and Trunk Control While Walking in Older Adults with Diabetes: Effects of Balance Confidence
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2018
Patricia Hewston, Nandini Deshpande
Walking speed (meters/second) was computed using the anterior progression of the second sacral vertebra IRED. Head and trunk control were calculated in the mediolateral direction using gravitational vertical as the reference value. Peak-to-peak head roll angular displacement (HRp-p; degrees) was computed using IRED data from the occupit and seventh cervical vertebra. Peak-to-peak trunk roll angular displacement (TRp-p; degrees) was computed using the IRED data from the seventh cervical vertebra and second sacral vertebra. Head (HRvel; degrees/second) and trunk (TRvel; degrees/second) roll velocity was calculated as the average root mean square of the first derivative of respective instantaneous angular displacement data. To assess head-trunk stiffening, the correlation between the instantaneous displacement of head and trunk roll angles were calculated (H-Tcorr; Pearson's r). Cognitive performance was calculated as the total number of correctly verbalized serial subtractions.
Safety and feasibility of transcranial direct current stimulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – a pilot study with a single subject experimental design
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2019
Sangeetha Madhavan, Anjali Sivaramakrishnan, Sam Bond, Qin Li Jiang
CME of bilateral first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles and bilateral tibialis anterior (TA) muscles was measured with single-pulse TMS (Magstim 200 stimulator (Magstim, Dyfed, Wales UK)) with a double-cone coil (diameter 110 mm) for the lower limb and figure of eight coil (diameter 70 mm) for the upper limb using a posterior–anterior cortical current orientation. Electromyography (EMG) data were collected bilaterally from the TA and FDI muscles. Surface Ag/AgCl electrodes were placed over the muscle belly of the TA and FDI. The reference electrode was placed over the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra. EMG data were sampled at 2000 Hz, amplified (1000×) and band pass filtered (10–500 Hz) with a Delsys EMG system (Bagnoli 8, MA USA).