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Head and Neck Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Warrenkevin Henderson, Hannah Jacobson, Noelle Purcell, Kylar Wiltz
When the posterior tubercle of the first cervical vertebra is absent, rectus capitis posterior minor may originate from an unusual prominence on the spinous process of the second cervical vertebra (Brown 1941). In an individual with atlas assimilation, the right rectus capitis posterior minor muscle was vestigial, and the left muscle was replaced by a band of connective tissue (Ciołkowski et al. 2014).
The Governor Vessel (GV)
Published in Narda G. Robinson, Interactive Medical Acupuncture Anatomy, 2016
Rectus capitis posterior major muscle: Provides proprioceptive input regarding head orientation and dural tension along with its partner, the rectus capitis posterior minor muscle. Also extends the head at the upper cervical spine.
Dry needling as a novel intervention for cervicogenic somatosensory tinnitus: a case study
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Aaron Womack, Raymond Butts, James Dunning
The physical examination (PE) was conducted by a physical therapist with 20 years of experience, certified in spinal manipulation and dry needling. Additionally, the therapist was a fellow-in-training in an accredited manual physical therapy fellowship program. The patient demonstrated full cervical AROM, and cervical myotome, dermatome, and cranial nerve screening were negative. While palpation of the cervical paraspinals, upper trapezius, splenius capitis, semispinalis capitis, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior, rectus capitis posterior major and rectus capitis posterior minor muscles seemed to provoke the patient’s headache and tinnitus, the sternocleidomastoid, masseter, temporalis, and frontalis muscles did not. Additionally, she did not present with temporomandibular joint pain or increased tinnitus with active jaw movement. The patient reported occasional, diffuse pain in the posterior occipital region, but she was not tender to palpation in that region during the PE. Although the patient presented with lower cervical and upper thoracic pain, palpation and passive joint mobility testing of the lower cervical and upper thoracic region had no effect on her headache or tinnitus symptoms.