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Trunk Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Rowan Sherwood
In rare cases, the intertransverse muscles do not connect to the transverse processes, and instead fuse with the erector spinae (Rickenbacher et al. 1985). Adjacent intertransverse muscles may partially or completely fuse into strands that bridge across one or more segments, a variation that occurs more often in the thoracolumbar region than in the cervical spine (Rickenbacher et al. 1985). The intertransversarii laterales in the lumbar region may fuse with quadratus lumborum (Rickenbacher et al. 1985).
A to Z Entries
Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
The posterior lumbar spine region contains the quadratus lumborum and erector spinae. which extend the lumbar spine and flex it laterally. Spine extension occurs when the muscles on both sides of the posterior trunk contract; lateral flexion occurs when only the muscles on the side that the trunk is flexed towards contract. The front of the lumbar spine and pelvic region is the distal part of the abdomen and contains the internal and external obliques, transverse abdominals, rectus abdominis, and the small pyramidalis. These anterior muscles hold the abdominal organs in place, flex the trunk anteriorly and laterally, and rotate it about its long axis. The transverse abdominals are major postural muscles and have received a lot of attention as a result of the key role they play in stabilizing the spine during many sports movements; both to protect the spine and to enable power transfer between body segments (see Hot Topic 4).
Fascial Syndromes
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
Second treatment – Subjective: The patient reported “feeling great” for 1 hour past treatment, followed by a gradual onset of symptoms. Pain remained at 6–7. She reduced the heat in the hot yoga classes by 5° and reported a 50% reduction in burning sensation post class. The patient also shared information regarding a “difficult childbirth” in 2012 when a tailgut cyst was removed post-partum. Treatment: Left quadriceps in a cephalad direction. Lower deep front line. Deep posterior compartment released with slow active flexion/extension of foot bilaterally. Left thigh anterior intermuscular septum treated in cephalad direction, posterior septum caudally. Right thigh septa treated cephalad and differentially to free adhesions caused by compression due to favoring. Left quadratus. Supported erector spinae. Quadratus lumborum. Results: While no visible changes were present, the patient reported feeling “different” with ease in overall tension.
Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score, Prognostic Nutritional Index and ECOG Performance Score Predicts Survival Better than Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Some Inflammatory Indices in Metastatic Gastric Cancer
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Bülent Demirelli, Nalan Akgül Babacan, Özlem Ercelep, Mehmet Akif Öztürk, Serap Kaya, Eda Tanrıkulu, Süleyman Khalil, Rahib Hasanov, Özkan Alan, Tuğba Akın Telli, Sinan Koca, Mustafa Erkin Arıbal, Beyza Kuzan, Faysal Dane, Perran Fulden Yumuk
A cross-sectional CT image of third lumbar vertebra (L3) at inferior aspect was selected for estimating muscle mass, as described previously, skeletal muscle areas (SMA) were separated within a Hounsfield units threshold range of -29 to 150 and tissue boundaries were manually outlined as needed by (14). SMA in the L3 region contains m. psoas, m. erector spinae, m. quadratus lumborum, m. transversus abdominis, external and internal oblique muscles, and m. rectus abdominis. To minimize measurement bias, one trained investigator, who was blinded for all anthropometric and surgical characteristics, identified and measured muscle area on a dedicated processing system (v2.8; INFINITT Healthcare, Seoul, Korea). Sarcopenia Index (SI) was calculated as L3 SMA (cm2)/height (m2). Due to a lack of studies from our country, the SI cutoff value was obtained by using both western (EGWSOP) and eastern (Harada Y, et al.) sources separately (15, 16). The mGPS, NLR, CIn, PI, PNI and ALI were constructed as described in Table 2. NLR cutoff value was accepted as the median value of patients’ NLR measurements.
The impact of progressive pelvic floor muscle exercise and manual therapy in a patient postpartum who met the criteria for sacroiliac joint pain based on Laslett’s cluster of provocation signs
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2020
Adam Andersen, Russell Carter, Roberta O’Shea
The plan was to treat the patient for two times the first week and then decrease to one time per week thereafter. For the first four sessions, it was planned to treat the patient with stretching and strengthening the trunk and hip musculature using a graded approach. In addition, the patient was instructed in using proper body mechanics when lifting her child out of the crib. The stretching exercises were prescribed based on the regions of palpable tenderness, specifically the quadratus lumborum and iliopsoas muscles. For the strengthening exercises, the patient was instructed in activating her pelvic floor muscles (PFM) as a first step. The use of PFM contraction prior to and during trunk and hip exercise was partially based on studies demonstrating co-contraction of the tranversus abdominus (TrA) and PFM (Critchley, 2002). Specific retraining of the TrA along with general trunk and hip strengthening has shown to be effective in the PPGP population (Stuge, Laerum, Kirkesola, and Vøllestad, 2004). In the nonpregnant LBP population, specific stabilization exercise and general trunk strengthening have both shown to be effective depending on the inclusion criteria (Koumantakis, Watson, and Oldham, 2005). Furthermore, biomechanical studies have suggested the load-decreasing effect of the TrA and PFM on the pelvic ring (Pel et al, 2008). Based on this evidence, it was decided to instruct the patient in PFM contraction in conjunction with trunk and hip strengthening exercise.
Utilization of manual therapy to the lumbar spine in conjunction with traditional conservative care for individuals with bilateral lower extremity complex regional pain syndrome: A case series
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2020
Zachary Walston, Luis Hernandez, Dale Yake
As reported by Menck, Requejo, and Kulig (2000), we also believe that evaluation and treatment in areas proximal to patient’s symptoms in CRPS-I may be necessary. The primary means of evaluating the patient’s nervous system involved reflexes, sensation, and pain sensitivity. Impaired reflexes, increased pain sensitivity, and poor neuromotor control of lumbar spine indicated central and peripheral nervous system involvement. We assessed the lumbar spine specifically to address potential proximal impairments contributing to functional impairments and appropriateness of manual therapy directed to lumbar spine. Both patients were deemed appropriate for lumbar directed manual therapy, which included non-thrust as well as thrust spinal manipulations. In addition to this, we also performed soft tissue mobilization along the musculature of the patient’s low back, which included quadratus lumborum, lumbar paraspinals, and gluteus medius. These manual therapy treatment methods were adjuncts to the overall management of the patients’ symptoms of CRPS-1 in an effort to reduce pain and improve motor recruitment allowing for improved exercise and activity. As Patients 1 and 2 progressed in treatment and pain reduced, treatment sessions focused more on exercise and less on manual therapy.