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Sleep
Published in Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau, Beyond Menopause, 2023
Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau
How to: Sit straight up on your bed, with good posture. Inhale, bring your shoulders up to your ears, and squeeze your arm and shoulder muscles tightly. Exhale and release your shoulders, pulling your shoulder blades downward. Repeat a few times.
Rheumatic Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Specific causes are listed in LOW BACK PAIN AT A GLANCE. Common causes of low back pain in children are osteochondrosis (Scheuermann's disease) and scoliosis. Abnormal posture is also a common cause of back pain. This may be associated with seating that may not offer sufficient back support or wearing high-heeled shoes, which may cause an exaggeration of lumbar lordosis. Additionally, unequal leg length may be present.
Functional Rehabilitation
Published in James Crossley, Functional Exercise and Rehabilitation, 2021
Posture is regarded as the ‘position or attitude of the body’, or the relative position or alignment of the body in space, before and after movement. In evolutionary history, posture played an important role in man’s development. Homo sapiens gained an advantage over their animal counterparts by shifting from a quadra-pedal to a bi-pedal stance. Standing upright frees the hands to manipulate tools and reach for food, although the cost of this is the additional stress and strain of maintaining an upright position against gravity on two legs, rather than four. Upright posture places greater strain on load bearing joints like the spine, hips and knees, one reason why osteoarthritis and lower back pain are so prevalent in today’s society.
Recommended maximum holding time of common static sitting postures of office workers
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Somayeh Tahernejad, Mohsen Razeghi, Mohammad Abdoli-Eramaki, Hossein Parsaei, Mozhgan Seif, Alireza Choobineh
In studies that have been conducted to reduce the side effects of sitting work, some efforts have been made to minimize sitting duration or improve sitting posture. Two systematic reviews of interventions to reduce sitting time using active workstations found insufficient evidence to support these workstations’ effectiveness, particularly for workers’ long-term behavior change [6,7]. Although the occupational sitting duration can be reduced to some extent, the workers in many jobs have to spend a lot of time sitting. To improve the sitting posture of workers in sedentary jobs, some interventions, such as ergonomic workstation adjustment [8,9] and ergonomic training [10–12], have been proposed. However, in these interventions, usually only correcting the posture of individuals has been addressed (by persuading them to maintain one or two correct postures).
A comparison of muscle activity, posture and body discomfort during the use of different computer screen sizes
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Praphatson Sengsoon, Kanruethai Siriworakunsak
The ergonomic assessment with RULA showed no statistically significant difference after 15, 30, 45 and 60 min of testing within and between groups. The use of a computer with both screen sizes showed that ergonomic risk factors were no different, which was possible because in this study an ergonomic posture was established before starting the test. This was consistent with previous studies that good posture and good ergonomics can help prevent risk factor affecting WMSDs [31]. In addition, consistent with a previous study, it is determined that a good sitting posture based on ergonomics principles can decrease energy expenditure and results in no significant difference when compared with a supine posture [32]. Moreover, a previous study found that the position and orientation of the eyes, hands and feet that differ from ergonomic settings affected the head, neck, arm, leg and trunk posture. Good posture enhanced good stability and balance, which decreased musculoskeletal problems and muscle fatigue. In addition, good posture alignment promoted force exertion, which is related to muscle and joint performance [33]. Thus, the ergonomics workstation setting of the two screens was not different. Compared with a previous study, it was determined that sitting for 89 min during computer use affected the viewing angles, which changed the posture [10]. However, this study investigated a high monitor position and did not focus on the ergonomics setting.
Effect of physical activity intervention on the musculoskeletal health of university student computer users during homestay
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Rahul Jain, Vibhor Verma, Kunj Bihari Rana, Makkhan Lal Meena
For all sectors in developed countries and developing countries, MSDs are the most general reason for work-related health issues [21]. Musculoskeletal conditions represent almost half of all job-related sicknesses and are the main reasons for missed tasks, higher working expenses and human injuries [22]. The other primary reason for occupational non-attendance is musculoskeletal injury. According to previous studies, about 40% of workers’ compensation is associated with MSDs [23,24]. These disorders begin with muscles feeling fatigued and achy. It may increase sickness in which reduced limb movement or muscle strength and endurance can be perceived [24]. Prevention of MSDs has become especially relevant in recent years, as these disorders are maintained using ergonomics [25]. If a workplace and working tasks trigger MSDs, they are termed work-related MSDs [26]. The main risk factor is poor posture among the risk variables for work-related MSDs [27–29]. Improved working posture can lower the risk of MSDs, improve health, minimize stress and discomfort, and increase productivity and performance [30,31].