China
Africa
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Variations of Number
Published in Jon W. Meilstrup, Imaging Atlas, 2018
Claudia J. Kasaies, Jon W. Meilstrup
Several mimics of gallbladder duplication have been described in the literature. One of the most common is the tightly curved, tortuous gallbladder. This atypical shape can cause the gallbladder to appear as two lumens on transverse ultrasound imaging; longitudinal views, however, demonstrate the presence of a single viscus.17 Gallbladder septations might also resemble gallbladder duplication on some views.18 Occasionally Ladd’s bands can traverse the gallbladder, causing a deep ridge that also mimics a duplicated gallbladder.18 Duplication of the duodenum rarely has been confused with a duplicated gallbladder.19
Paediatric cases
Published in Lt Col Edward Sellon, David C Howlett, Nick Taylor, Radiology for Medical Finals, 2017
The bowel becomes fixed in this abnormal position by peritoneal bands called Ladds bands. These stretch from the caecum to the duodenum and attach to the anterior and posterior abdominal walls.What are the complications of this condition?
Malrotation and midgut volvulus
Published in Brice Antao, S Irish Michael, Anthony Lander, S Rothenberg MD Steven, Succeeding in Paediatric Surgery Examinations, 2017
Clinical manifestations of malrotationAcute midgut volvulusChronic midgut volvulusAcute duodenal obstruction from Ladd’s bandsChronic duodenal obstruction from Ladd’s bandsReverse rotation with colonic obstructionInternal hernia
Clinical outcome of pregnancies with the prenatal double bubble sign – a five-year experience from one single centre in mainland China
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2018
Duodenal obstruction was confirmed at the time of surgery in 60 cases (96.8%; 60/63). Causes of obstruction were as follows: duodenal atresia in 42 cases, annular pancreas in six cases, duodenal stenosis in five cases, duodenal web in four cases, Ladd’s bands in two cases and gut malrotation in one case. Duodenal obstruction was excluded in three cases, including proximal jejunal atresia in one case, a jejunal duplication cyst in one case and duodenal duplication in one case.
Heterotaxy Syndrome with Increased Nuchal Translucency and Normal Karyotype Associated with Complex Systemic Venous Return. Ultrasound Diagnosis with Autopsy Correlation
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Gabriele Tonni, Maria Paola Bonasoni, Gianpaolo Grisolia, Maria Bellotti, Edward Araujo Júnior
Autopsy was performed by a Fetal Pathologist and confirmed the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis. There was dextrocardia with the heart tip pointing to the right. Segmental heart examination revealed right-sided atrium, morphologically left, with narrow, elongated, and tubular appendage. At opening, the foramen ovale was patent and no coronary sinus was observed. The right atrioventricular (AV) valve presented two leaflets. The right-sided ventricle showed left morphology, with smooth septum. The main pulmonary artery originated from the right-sided, morphologically left ventricle, and presented the right and left branches. The ductus arteriosus was normally patent and in continuity with the aorta. The left sided-atrium was morphologically left and received the four pulmonary veins and the LPSVC. The left AV valve had mitral morphology with two leaflets. The left-sided ventricle was morphologically left with smooth septum. A VSD of 1 mm in diameter was confirmed. The aorta exited from the left ventricle and overrode the septum. Head and neck vessels normally emerged from the aortic arch. The IVC was located on the left side of the aorta. ASVR consisted of an IVC interruption with azygos continuation ending in the left lower pulmonary vein (LLPV). Agenesis of the RSVC was an associated finding. The umbilical vein emptied into the portal system draining into the right-sided atrium, morphologically left. The thymus was regular. Both lungs showed two lobes with horizontal left main bronchus as seen in left isomerism. The abdominal organs showed a right-sided stomach below the liver. The spleen was right-sided aside the stomach. The liver was located in the midline with a central gallbladder (Figure 2A–D). The small bowel presented intestinal malrotation with the appendix located on the right and below the stomach. Ladd’s bands were identified between the gallbladder and the second duodenal part. Pancreas was annular with tail hypoplasia The X-ray babygram did not show skeletal malformations.