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Anatomy and Embryology of the Mouth and Dentition
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Vessels from the lateral margin of the tongue may drain into the submandibular nodes while others end in the jugulodigastric or jugulo-omohyoid nodes. Vessels from the posterior part of the lingual margin traverse the pharyngeal wall to the jugulodigastric lymph nodes.
Diseases of Tonsils, Tonsillectomy and Tonsillotomy
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Christopher P Aldren, Doris-Eva Bamiou, Raymond W Clarke, Richard M Irving, Haytham Kubba, Shakeel R Saeed, Paediatrics, The Ear, Skull Base, 2018
Acute tonsillitis is diagnosed mainly on the basis of clinical assessment. There is a short history of sore throat with fever and pain on swallowing. Examination generally reveals erythema of the tonsils and posterior pharyngeal wall, with obvious exudates on the tonsils occasionally. This is usually associated with tender jugulodigastric lymph node enlargement. Both bacteria and viruses play a part in acute inflammation of the tonsils, either separately or together. Also, there is no evidence to suggest that viral tonsillitis is more or less severe than bacterial tonsillitis. In most of the cases both viral and bacterial tonsillitis tend to resolve quickly without treatment.4 Corticosteroids (oral or intramuscular), in addition to antibiotics, expedite the resolution of pain.10,11
PANDAS – a rare but severe disorder associated with streptococcal infections; Awareness is needed
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2023
Karin Frånlund, Charbél Talani
She had a Streptococcus group A verified pharyngeal infection in March 2020 treated with penicillin V. A few months later, she slowly developed progressing anxiety and obsessions. Her parents wrote a self-referral to the child and adolescent psychiatrist clinic and were placed in queue. While the symptoms worsened during the months in queue, the parents googled her symptoms and were the ones who first came to suspect PANDAS. Isolation due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worsened her symptoms. Her symptoms were daily and excessive and prevented her from participating in social activities and attending school. Investigation at a private child and adolescent psychiatrist office was commended. In October 2021, she was referred to our ENT clinic for preoperative assessment of tonsillectomy. Examination showed hypertrophic tonsils Brodsky grade 2-3 and sore jugulodigastric lymph nodes [10]. Self-administered NSAID treatment had decreased the OCD symptoms, and she agreed to tonsillectomy, which had previously been out of the questions due to fear and anxiety. Tonsillectomy was thought to lessen the inflammatory burden.
Head and neck paragangliomas in Norway, importance of genetics, updated diagnostic workup and treatment
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Mohammad Usman Rana, Arild André Østhus, Ketil Heimdal, Peter Jebsen, Mona-Elisabeth R. Revheim, Terje Andreas Osnes
Surgery was mostly performed according to common practice, yet in the later part of the series we adopted a ‘packing technique’ to reduce bleeding volume. For the most common procedure, carotid body PG, a small submandibular incision (6–8 cm) was sufficient, aided by intraoperative monitoring of the vagus nerve, and keeping close attention to the hypoglossal nerve and the cervical sympathetic chain. Blood loss was moderate, and no patients required blood transfusions. In cases of carotid body PGs that were operated, jugulodigastric lymph nodes were removed to facilitate access and examined in the routine histology, but formal neck dissections were not performed.