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Knee and Patella Radiography
Published in Russell L. Wilson, Chiropractic Radiography and Quality Assurance Handbook, 2020
The joint space should be open. The intercondylar fossa will be open and its proximal and lateral surfaces demonstrated free of rotation. The intercondylar eminence will be seen. The soft tissue structures adjacent to the knee will be seen.
Lower Limb
Published in Harold Ellis, Adrian Kendal Dixon, Bari M. Logan, David J. Bowden, Human Sectional Anatomy, 2017
Harold Ellis, Adrian Kendal Dixon, Bari M. Logan, David J. Bowden
The anterior cruciate ligament (11) arises from the intercondylar fossa (9) of the femur laterally and slightly more proximally than the posterior cruciate ligament, whose attachment is seen better in the next cadaveric section. The anterior cruciate ligament passes downwards and forwards laterally to the posterior cruciate ligament, to attach to the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia.
Distal femoral fractures
Published in Charles M Court-Brown, Margaret M McQueen, Marc F Swiontkowski, David Ring, Susan M Friedman, Andrew D Duckworth, Musculoskeletal Trauma in the Elderly, 2016
Eleanor Davidson, Charles M. Court-Brown
The supracondylar area of the femur is the area between the femoral condyles and the junction of the metaphysis with the femoral diaphysis. It comprises the distal 15 cm of the femur. The shaft of the femur is almost cylindrical, but at the lower end it broadens into two curved condyles (Figure 37.4a). The distal femur is trapezoidal and is narrower anteriorly than posteriorly. Medially there is an angle of inclination of about 25 degrees. Anteriorly the two condyles form a joint for articulation with the patella. Posteriorly they are separated by a deep intercondylar fossa that gives attachment to the cruciate ligaments. The lateral epicondyle arises from the lateral condylar surface and gives rise to the lateral, or fibular, collateral ligament. Distal to the lateral epicondyle is an oblique groove for the popliteus tendon. The medial epicondyle gives attachment to the medial, or tibial, collateral ligament and the abductor magnus tendon inserts into the adductor tubercle. When the distal femur fractures, the pull of the quadriceps and hamstrings leads to limb shortening and a varus deformity. The pull of the gastrocnemius, which arises from the lateral and medial femoral condyles, leads to apex posterior angulation. This is shown in Figure 37.3.
Bone morphological factors influencing cartilage degeneration in the knee
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2018
Kenji Takahashi, Sanshiro Hashimoto, Shinji Kiuchi, Atsuya Watanabe, Hiroshi Nakamura, Futoshi Ikuta, Tomoyuki Okuaki, Tatsunori Kataoka, Tokifumi Majima, Shinro Takai
To avoid a partial volume effect of fluid collection near the articular cartilage, voxels showing T1ρ values >120 ms were excluded. After direct segmentation by referring to the PDW images, 12 regions of interest (ROIs) were manually drawn on the T1ρ map of the mid-coronal image slice which showed the minimum body of the medial meniscus as previously described [5]. Briefly, 12 ROIs were positioned as follows: 1–3, medial femur cartilage; 4–6, medial tibia cartilage; 7–9, lateral femur cartilage; 10–12, lateral tibia cartilage. Also, 1, 4, 7, and 9 were close to the intercondylar fossa; 2, 5, 8, and 11 were in the weight-bearing area, respectively; and 3, 6, 9, and 12 were adjacent to the middle body of the meniscus (Figure 1). Image analysis for T1ρ values in each ROI was performed in Image J software (NIH, Bethesda, MD).
Isolated proximal tibiofibular joint arthritis in a patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A case report
Published in Modern Rheumatology, 2018
Hiroki Wakabayashi, Tomoki Nakamura, Akinobu Nishimura, Tomohito Hagi, Masahiro Hasegawa, Akihiro Sudo
Arthroscopic biopsy and synovectomy were performed. Intra-operatively, the PTF joint was found to be stable, but the cartilage was partially degenerated, and there was severely inflamed synovium. Synovectomy was performed as much as possible (Figure 4). Histological analysis of the biopsy specimen showed diffuse fibrosis with the formation of lymphoid follicles, but no multinucleated giant cells (Figure 5A). However, a specimen from the intercondylar fossa region of the knee joint showed a small amount of fibrosis without lymphoid follicles (Figure 5B). The PTF joint arthritis subsequently resolved after synovectomy.
Modeling attachment and compressive loading of locking and non-locking plate fixation: a finite element investigation of a supracondylar femur fracture model
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Amir Samiezadeh, Stewart McLachlin, Matthew Ng, Saeid Samiezadeh, Jeremie Larouche, Cari Whyne
A three-dimensional (3D) model of a medium-sized fourth-generation composite synthetic femur (#3403; Sawbone, Pacific Research Laboratories, Vashon, WA) was generated from CT scan data. The 3 D segmented bone volume was imported into SolidWorks (Dassault Systèmes, Concord, MA, USA) and a 20-mm section of the shaft 60 mm above the intercondylar fossa was subtracted to simulate a fracture gap in the femur (Figure 1).