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Gallbladder–Biliary Dyskinesia/ Functional Gallbladder Disorder/Cystic Duct Syndrome
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
The gallbladder is a four-inch long, pear-shaped organ under the liver on the right side of the upper abdomen that stores bile from the liver, which digests fats. Biliary dyskinesia, where bile does not drain out of the gallbladder properly, is an increasingly common functional disease of the gallbladder. Patients with this condition present with gallbladder (biliary-type) pain, but show no evidence of gallstones in the gallbladder. In classic biliary colic, or a gallbladder attack, the pain is identical to a symptomatic gallstone. (See Gallstone Disease below.) Attacks are often brought on by a heavy or fatty meal.
Liver, Biliary Tract and Pancreatic Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
The spectrum of liver disease varies from asymptomatic disease to jaundice and liver failure. In the West, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver and chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) account for most cases of cirrhosis. Disease of the gall bladder is usually related to stones and infection. Pancreatic disease, whether from inflammation, cancer or obstruction, may result in failure of the exocrine and/or endocrine function.
Biomedical psychiatry, Native American identity, and the politics of visibility in Elissa Washuta’s My Body Is a Book of Rules
Published in Joanna Ziarkowska, Indigenous Bodies, Cells, and Genes, 2020
Relinquishing the blood metaphor makes it possible to look critically at biomedical imagery in general. At college, Elissa undergoes a gallbladder removal surgery. Gallbladder disease, by Elissa’s Native friends described as “the Indian curse,” is believed to be more common among Native Americans. However, scientists do not univocally support this view.22 Since the experience of the malfunctioning organ might be used as proof of Elissa’s Indianness, she does not reveal that, “[her] white dad had his gallbladder out too” (153). The discourse of racial susceptibility, discussed at length in Chapter 1 in relation to tuberculosis, is here humorously dismissed and demonstrated as a strategic rather than medical apparatus.
Evaluation of gallstone classification and their diagnosis through serum parameters as emerging tools in treatment: a narrative review
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Bhavna Sharma, Shubha Rani Sharma
Gallstones are associated with various risk factors which include age, gender, obesity and body fat allocation, quick weight loss, diet, physical activity, drugs, diabetes, and genetics. Gallstones may cause different health conditions like blockage of the digestive juices which can catalyze swelling of the gallbladder or cholecystitis which can lead to the destruction of the pancreas. Other conditions include Bouveret syndrome (blockage of the duodenum by gallstones), obstructive jaundice, pancreatitis, and gallstones ileus (blockage of the small bowel by gallstones) [4]. If left untreated, these stones can be life-threatening. It has been found that patients having gallstones are more prone to gallbladder cancer [5]. The symptoms of gallstones are also not definite, some of the gallstones remain as ‘silent gallstones’ but symptoms are noticed as complications develop. These include pain in the abdomen usually in the right upper part, vomiting, fever, nausea, indigestion, bloating, and jaundice [6].
Response to: ‘The effect of cholecystectomy on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with gallbladder stones’
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2022
Chien-Hua Chen, Cheng-Li Lin, Chia-Hung Kao
We only compared the risk of AMI (acute myocardial infarction) between the gallbladder stone patients with and without cholecystectomy to avoid misclassification of asymptomatic gallbladder stones into no gallbladder stones. The literature has validated the high accuracy of medical diagnoses in the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, including AMI, but we cannot find any reference to validate the accuracy of gallbladder stones or cholecystectomy to our knowledge [2,3]. We find high accuracy by analyzing 50 chart records for the diagnosis of gallbladder stones and the claims for cholecystectomy, respectively. The patients are randomly selected in Changhua Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, a 500-bed community hospital in Taiwan, from the inpatient claims database between 2000 and 2010. The diagnosis of gallbladder stones is ascertained by ultrasound, and cholecystectomy is verified by operation note.
Type 1 Choledochal Cyst with Ectopic Pancreas and Septate Gallbladder
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Amir-Hossein Akbari, Juan Putra
Ectopic pancreas is most commonly found in the upper gastrointestinal tract (90%) and often thought to result from anomalous development of the fetal pancreas (12, 13). Foci of ectopic pancreas in association with CCs are usually identified incidentally on pathologic examination. Sharma et al. reported that 6.5% of choledochal cysts examined at their institution contained ectopic pancreatic tissue (11). Septate gallbladders, secondary to incomplete cavitation of the gallbladder bud, are infrequent in children and may demonstrate nonspecific biliary symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting (14). The associations of the aforementioned anomalies with CCs highlight their embryologic association, as these structures (gallbladder, bile duct, and ventral pancreas) are derived from ventral foregut diverticulum (8).