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General Thermography
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Two types of infrared technology can provide viable fever screening options: (1) infrared thermal imagers (i.e., thermography) and (2) non-contact infrared thermometers (NCIT) – handheld thermopile-based single-point surface thermometers.111 Forehead skin temperatures, however, whether measured by NCIT or thermography, are unreliable as an indicator of fever.112 The temperature of the spot just medial to the inner canthus of the eye is normally the warmest part of the face (Figure 10.41).113 The inner canthus is an indicator of core body temperature.114 These warm spots are too small to be reliably measured by NCIT, and show variable results in eyeglass wearers. A recent study found thermography to be more accurate than NCIT in terms of fever detection.115
Facial anatomy
Published in Michael Parker, Charlie James, Fundamentals for Cosmetic Practice, 2022
The muscles of the forehead primarily allow us to do two things: raise our eyebrows and frown. The forehead allows a person to quickly and succinctly express emotion to all around them, for example when surprised or annoyed. As we age our skin becomes less elastic and static lines commonly develop in areas of frequent, repeated motion as well as those exposed to the sun. The forehead is no exception to these rules and, therefore, is a commonplace for botulinum toxin treatment, with the intention of decreasing the prominence of dynamic wrinkles and preventing the formation of static lines in this area.
Dermatology
Published in Kaji Sritharan, Jonathan Rohrer, Alexandra C Rankin, Sachi Sivananthan, Essential Notes for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2021
Kaji Sritharan, Jonathan Rohrer, Alexandra C Rankin, Sachi Sivananthan
Associated with Pitysporum fungal infection. Clinical features: affects scalp, face, flexures. Often a scaly erythematous rash, particularly around nasolabial folds/forehead. Treatment: topical ketoconazole (shampoo, cream) may be useful.
The eye area as the most difficult area of activity for esthetic treatment
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Anna Kołodziejczak, Helena Rotsztejn
IFUS is the esthetic skin-tightening procedure for infraorbital laxity of periorbital skin. In 2009, IFUS (Ulthera System; Ulthera Inc., Mesa, AZ, USA) was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the brow-lift procedure. Pak at al. believe that this method can replace surgical procedures, such as lower blepharoplasty, due to the fact that IFUS causes thermal trauma not only in the deep dermis, but also in the superficial muscular aponeurosis, while omitting the epidermis. Eyebrow raising can be achieved by applying the cartridge to the lateral part of the forehead report above 2/3 of the eyebrow arch, which produce vectoring and consequently an eyelid lifting. In the study performed by……. subjects were treated with the use of 1.5 and 3.0 mm probes. The 1.5 mm probe was used to tighten the loose eyelid skin and deep dermis, whereas the 3.0 mm probe was used to tighten the orbicularis oculi muscle and the orbital septum 2–3 mm below the ciliary margin to the inferior lower orbital rim (40).
Anterior segment imaging using a simple universal smartphone attachment for patients
Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2022
Vineet Pramod Joshi, Ashish Jain, Rathinam Thyagrajan, Pravin Krishna Vaddavalli
Following multiple patient interactions in the clinic, we established a protocol to use Grabi™ Lite along with the smartphone camera. Figure 2c. An optical zoom between 3 and 4x is desirable to allow the eye to fill the screen before capturing the image. We were able to achieve this by instructing the user to zoom in until the image of the headrest was nearly out of the screen.The flash was set to “manual flash” mode instead of “auto-flash” mode.The clip needs to go over and grip the smartphone’s body firmly, and the large window anterior to the same should overlie the primary rear camera and flash.The forehead rest provides enhanced stability and helps focus the area of interest and avoid any motion blur.Once the area of interest is in the centre of the screen and focus, the native smartphone camera software and flash are used to capture the image.Both the attendant (user) and the patient should be at the same level so that the eye and the smartphone camera are well aligned. This protocol helped to streamline smartphone image capturing and making it consistent.
Effects of forehead cooling and supportive care on menopause-related sleep difficulties, hot flashes and menopausal symptoms: a pilot study
Published in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 2021
Fiona C. Baker, Massimiliano de Zambotti, Laurel Chiappetta, Eric A. Nofzinger
The mechanisms by which forehead cooling may improve sleep and nighttime hot flashes are not entirely clear although prior research suggests some possibilities. A functional neuroimaging study showed that frontal cerebral thermal therapy (forehead cooling) reduced frontal cerebral metabolism during sleep in primary insomnia patients (Nofzinger et al., 2009) and a randomized controlled clinical trial showed sleep improvements in primary insomnia patients (Roth et al., 2018). While it is reasonable to assume these mechanisms in primary insomnia patients are also present in sleep disturbances in menopause, further studies in menopause are required. The reduction in nocturnal hot flash number/severity may be secondary to improvements in sleep, with women less likely to awaken or be bothered by nocturnal hot flashes. Direct cooling of the forehead could also reduce the incidence of hot flashes by stimulating receptors on trigeminal afferent fibers in the forehead (Dutschmann & Herbert, 1996), leading to an increase in cardiac vagal activity (diving reflex) (Panneton et al., 2010), counteracting the central sympathetic activation thought to be involved in the initiation of a night-time hot flash (Freedman, 2014). Finally, the forehead is a highly thermosensitive area to warm and cold stimulation (Inoue et al., 2016) and providing cooling to the forehead may reduce sweating and give a sensation of relief during a hot flash. Further work is required to determine whether forehead cooling reduces the perception of fewer and less severe nocturnal hot flashes as well as objectively measured frequency of nocturnal hot flashes.