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Comparative Immunology
Published in Julius P. Kreier, Infection, Resistance, and Immunity, 2022
Invertebrates may be divided into two major groups based on the presence or absence of a body cavity (coelom), (1) the acoelomates, including the sponges and coelenterates (jellyfish and sea anemones) and (2) the coelomates. The coelomates themselves are divided into two subgroups, the protostomes which subgroup includes the annelids, mollusks, and arthropods, and the deuterostomes which subgroup includes the echinoderms, protochordates, and chordates. It is from deuterostome-like ancestors that the vertebrates evolved.
Animal Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
In spite of differences in structure and form of different animals, there are fundamental features common to various individuals in relation to the arrangement of cells, body symmetry, nature of coelom, patterns of digestive, circulatory, and reproductive systems. These features are used as the basis of animal classification (1). Animals are divided into various sub-groups called phyla. Biologists have identified about 36 phyla within the animal kingdom including humans, mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, amphibians, insects, and so on (1–2). Animals can be divided into vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates have a backbone or spine, and comprise about 5% of all animal species. They include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, including humans. The remaining animals are invertebrates, which lack a backbone. These include mollusks (oysters, clams, squid, cuttlefish, snails, octopuses), arthropods (shrimp, crabs, lobsters, insects, spiders, scorpions, millipedes), annelids (earthworms, leeches), nematodes (filarial worms, hookworms), flatworms (liver flukes, tapeworms), cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones, sea pens, corals), ctenophores (comb jellies), echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, sand dollars, sea lilies or crinoids), and sponges (1–2). Most animals live on land (80%), the rest inhabit oceans (15%) or freshwater (5%) (3).
Methods in Experimental Pathology of the Pleura
Published in Joan Gil, Models of Lung Disease, 2020
About day 20 of gestation a cavity begins to develop in the human embryo by the fusing of small clefts within the mesoderm (intraembryonic coelom) (Gray and Skandalakis, 1985). The coelom, the precursor of the body cavity, is lined by a layer of cuboidal to flattened mesothelial cells that show apical bushy and elongated microvilli and cytoplasmic fibrils at this early stage of development (Hesseldahl and Larsen, 1969; King and Wilson, 1983).
Coptisine modulates the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol by targeting CYP1A2, CYP2C11 and CYP3A1 in the liver and P-gp in the jejunum of rats: a pilot study
Published in Xenobiotica, 2023
Si-cong Li, Min Zhang, Bin Wang, Xu-ting Li, Ge Liang
On the 8th day of the experiment, after 12 h of fasting, the rats were euthanized using a carbon dioxide asphyxiation machine. Following this, a segment of the middle jejunum was excised from the coelom and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for immunohistochemical analysis. To ensure optimal preservation of the tissue, complete dehydration was achieved using a 30% sucrose solution. The remaining middle jejunum and liver were promptly collected and frozen in liquid nitrogen before being stored at a temperature of −80 °C. These specimens were reserved for later use in real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis.
A rare pseudo tumour in the extraembryonic coelom in first trimester of pregnancy: ultrasound and pathology
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2019
Seiji Sumigama, Atsushi Enomoto, Satoshi Matsukawa, Takafumi Ushida, Kenji Imai, Tomoko Nakano, Tomomi Kotani, Fumitaka Kikkawa
An abnormal mass in the extraembryonic coelom (chorionic cavity) is rarely detected by ultrasonography. This is a possible case of the residual of the primary yolk sac that was detected as a high echogenic mass and was revealed to have a multi-folding membrane structure on the histopathology.