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Religious Aspects and Medicinal Uses of Salvadora persica (Miswak)
Published in Mehwish Iqbal, Complementary and Alternative Medicinal Approaches for Enhancing Immunity, 2023
The objective is to ensure a firm but regulated movement of the bristle inside the oral cavity so that all parts of the mouth are approached with considerable convenience and ease. The methods utilised for brushing are identical to those for a particular toothbrush. The bristle of the miswak is gently pressed upon the teeth and rubbed so as to clean the back and front teeth surfaces and the surfaces of the molar and premolar teeth for making sure that the bristles have passed through the spaces between the teeth. All remaining parts should be gently brushed, including the palate, soft palate, gums, tongue and the internal surfaces of the lip and cheek. Subsequently, the tip of the bristle should be washed for a short duration to get rid of any debris, and the sawik twig should be placed in a washed and uncontaminated place (Aumeeruddy et al., 2018).
Laboratory Exercise
Published in Jeffrey A Sherman, Oral Radiosurgery, 2020
Incisions performed using radiosurgery require a minimum of pressure in comparison to those performed with a scalpel. To help establish the proper amount of pressure and speed, a paintbrush exercise has been developed. Using a clean sheet of paper, a camel hair paintbrush, and a bottle of ink, perform the following exercises: Using a paintbrush and ink, make a series of parallel lines approximately 15 mm apart and 50 mm long. These lines should be made with the brush perpendicular to the paper and without bending the bristles. This will familiarize you with the amount of pressure needed to perform a radiosurgical procedure.Make a series of circles with the brush, again trying not to bend the bristles. The circle should be made with four separate strokes to simulate gingival troughing around a tooth. The strokes should start at the distolingual and proceed to the mesiolingual surface, then go from the distobuccal to the mesiobuccal surface.Place a bingo chip (simulating a tooth) on the paper and make a circle around the chip without touching it. The circle should be made with four distinct cuts to simulate a trough procedure (Figure 8.1).
Surgical and other investigations
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
The brush biopsy, vigorous abrasion with a stiff bristle brush, collects cells from the surface and subsurface layers(a)Culture and sensitivity of pus organisms. The sample should be taken before giving an antibiotic.Swab and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for virus detection.Molecular biological tests such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescent FISH for rapid identification of bacteria and viruses. PCR identification of mycobacterium, for example, takes around 48 hours and is more sensitive and specific at differentiating different types of mycobacteria that traditional culture and sensitivity tests.
Effect of tapered-end and round-end bristles on the abrasive dentine wear applying increasing brushing forces
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2022
Blend Hamza, Leonardo Svellenti, Philipp Körner, Thomas Attin, Florian J. Wegehaupt
A statistically significant interaction between bristle end configuration and the applied brushing force was found in this study (p <.001). Tapered-end bristles caused statistically significantly less abrasive wear than round-end bristles at each applied brushing force. The mean (±SD) of the abrasive dentine wear was calculated for each combination as follows: 1 N: round-end bristles = 7.7 ± 2.0 µm, tapered-end bristles = 4.4 ± 1.5 µm; 2 N: round-end bristles = 12.2 ± 2.7 µm, tapered-end bristles = 7.7 ± 2.1 µm; 3 N: round-end bristles = 19.4 ± 3.7 µm, tapered-end bristles = 11.3 ± 2.6 µm; 4 N: round-end bristles = 25.3 ± 4.8 µm, tapered-end bristles = 11.2 ± 2.1 µm. Figure 2 depicts the resulting abrasive dentine wear for each tested combination (applied brushing force/bristle end configuration).
Nanoparticles as a potential teratogen: a lesson learnt from fruit fly
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2019
Bedanta Kumar Barik, Monalisa Mishra
Similar to zirconia, HApNPs affect larval neural activity (damage to suboesophageal ganglion, mechanosensory neuron, and brain) detected by defective larva crawling behavior (Pappus et al. 2017). Further oxidative damage by increased ROS production and nuclear damage to larval gut proves ROS production as the most common mode of NP toxicity. Developmental delay, reduced pupa percentage, defective wing (incomplete venation), bristle phenotype (lost or broken), eye deformities (rough eye with blisters) were the result of HAp NP toxicity at phenotypic level in Drosophila. Altered climbing behavior was also seen. Bristles are involved in mechanosensation found to be affected after HApNP treatment. Wing venation is found to be affected. Abnormality in wing hairs was observed due to defect in planner cell polarity, and the actin amount available in the hair cell (Fristrom et al. 1993; Eaton et al. 1996; Ren et al., 2006). Decreased phosphorus and calcium level were also found within the gut after HApNP treatment(Pappus et al. 2017).