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Ursolic Acid: A Pentacyclic Triterpene from Plants in Nanomedicine
Published in Mahfoozur Rahman, Sarwar Beg, Mazin A. Zamzami, Hani Choudhry, Aftab Ahmad, Khalid S. Alharbi, Biomarkers as Targeted Herbal Drug Discovery, 2022
Monalisha Sen Gupta, Md. Adil Shaharyar, Mahfoozur Rahman, Kumar Anand, Imran Kazmi, Muhammad Afzal, Sanmoy Karmakar
UA is rarely employed for bone tissue regeneration as the few studies were performed in the field of bone tissue repair. Most importantly, osteoblast differentiation also involves the Smad signaling pathway. The release profile of UA from the suitable incornorated dosage form remarkably increased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteogenic differentiation-related gene type I collagen, runt-related transcription factor 2 expression, and osteoblast-associated protein expression. Moreover, the results of micro-CT images, observations from histomornhological data demonstrated that the UA in a suitable dosage form can improve new bone formation ability. Therefore, the UA can be used as novel bone tissue engineering materials by incorporating into a suitable matrix.
Biochemistry of Exercise Training: Effects on Bone
Published in Peter M. Tiidus, Rebecca E. K. MacPherson, Paul J. LeBlanc, Andrea R. Josse, The Routledge Handbook on Biochemistry of Exercise, 2020
Panagiota Klentrou, Rozalia Kouvelioti
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to enhanced skeletal fragility and increased risk of fracture (26). Osteoporosis is more common among postmenopausal women as a result of hypogonadism (deficiency of reproductive hormones), with one in four women over the age of 50 being diagnosed with this disease. In comparison, only one in eight men suffer from osteoporosis, with 20–30% experiencing osteoporotic-related fractures (114).
Craniofacial Regeneration—Bone
Published in Vincenzo Guarino, Marco Antonio Alvarez-Pérez, Current Advances in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering, 2020
Laura Guadalupe Hernandez, Lucia Pérez Sánchez, Rafael Hernández González, Janeth Serrano-Bello
Craniofacial bone tissue (CF) is a complex physiological structure consisting of bone and soft tissue (Gaihre et al. 2017; Datta et al. 2017). The bone tissue provides essential structural support and projection to overlying soft tissue structures such as tendons, ligaments, muscles, facial skin, nerves, blood vessels and sensory organs (Kawecki et al. 2018; Visscher et al. 2017).
Internal flow field analysis of heterogeneous porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Xiaokang Wang, Jigang Chen, Yabin Guan, Li Sun, Yongxing Kang
Bone tissue engineering is an important method to treat bone defects. The porous scaffold for bone tissue engineering is not only a support at the bone defect and a site for osteoblast attachment, but its internal interconnected pore structures are also transport channels for nutrients and metabolites (Van Bael et al. 2012; Liu et al. 2013; Rodríguez-Montaño et al. 2018). The internal flow field characteristics of the porous scaffold have a non-negligible effect on the biological performance of the scaffold. The pressure and velocity distributions of the internal flow field are important factors affecting osteoblast adhesion, proliferation and differentiation (Byrne et al 2007; Dias et al 2012; Wang et al. 2012; Miyashita et al 2017) . In addition, permeability characterizes the transport capacity of the scaffold, and the excellent degree of permeability directly determines whether the porous scaffold can be a qualified artificial implant (Lesman et al. 2010; Sandino and Lacroix 2011; Bouet et al. 2015).
In silico modelling of long bone healing involving osteoconduction and mechanical stimulation
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Jean-Louis Milan, Ian Manifacier, Nicolas Rousseau, Martine Pithioux
In orthopedic surgery, the use of biomaterial meant to bear the mechanical load during the recovery process is expanding. Many research projects focalize on the improvement of the osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties of biomaterials and their ability to properly recruit osteopotent stem cells from bone marrow. For instance, Navarro et al. 2006 developed a porous biodegradable material composite made of poly lactic acid (PLA). Its mechanical properties closely matched those of bone tissue and promote bone tissue formation. Charles-Harris et al. 2008 studied in vitro cell proliferation and differentiation within this bioactive ceramic (Charles-Harris et al. 2008). Furthermore, biomaterials made of resorbable hydrogels are good candidates for tissue engineering (Yue et al. 2020). They have properties similar to the native extracellular matrix and thus promote cell adhesion and proliferation. Hydrogel membranes were developed to perform the function of biological membranes promoting hemostasis and bone regeneration. These membranes consisted of porcine collagen, polycaprolactone, or polyethylene glycol (Wang et al. 2016). Hydrogel membranes could be used to replicate the crucial role of the periosteum in the healing process of large bone defects (Coïc et al. 2010; Oliveira et al. 2010; Sheikh et al. 2015).
Marine sources as an unexplored bone tissue reconstruction material -A review
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2022
Gayatree Nayak, Sanat Kumar Bhuyan, Ruchi Bhuyan, Akankshya Sahu, Dattatreya Kar, Ananya Kuanar
Bone tissue reconstruction is the repairing of damaged fragments during bone fractures, tumor resections, or various bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and osteogenesis imperfect [1]. ‘Bone tissue engineering’ is a multi-disciplinary field as it connects with genetics, clinical medicine, mechanical engineering, and materials science [2]. It is also used as a central tool for the development of regenerative medicines, utilized in biomimetics, cells, and tissue for regeneration [3]. The National Science Foundation (NSF) was the pioneer to introduce this term in the year 1988. The idea of bone tissue regeneration is based on understanding the structural and functional components of the tissues during both the physiologic and pathologic scenarios. To this, the science of engineering techniques, their principle, and their application was amalgamated into tissue engineering [4]. The key objective is to patch the defective region and return it to its original function [5]. This review discusses the marine source as a potential alternative in the field of medicine and dentistry for bone tissue reconstructive indications.