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Cardiac Tumours
Published in Mary N. Sheppard, Practical Cardiovascular Pathology, 2022
The cysts infiltrate and destroy the AV node (Fig. 7.36). The cysts are lined by a cuboidal cell layer with underlying transitional cells, giving a multi-layered appearance (Fig. 7.37). Between the large cysts are multiple nests of cells of varying size, some with a central lumen while others appear solid (Fig. 7.38). In many areas, especially in the smaller nests, the cells are often squamoid in appearance, also with sebaceous and transitional cells. Many of the nuclei are ovoid and have a cleft-like longitudinal indentation, resembling so-called coffee-bean nuclei. There is no pleomorphism or mitoses, which differentiates this tumour from metastatic adenocarcinoma. The PAS and the alcian blue stain will demonstrate foci of positive staining within the lumen of these cysts and they can occasionally calcify. The cellular nests and cystic structure are set in a dense tissue stroma. Collagen and elastic fibres are abundant. The tumour replaces part or all of the AV node and may extend upwards into the atrial septum and downwards into the AV bundle, but does not extend into the myocardium or into the tricuspid valve. No metastases from the tumour have been reported. The cells are keratin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (Fig. 7.39), which favours an epithelial rather than a mesothelial origin.
Endocrine-Amphicrine Enteric Carcinoma of the Nasal Mucosa in Man
Published in Gerd Reznik, Sherman F. Stinson, Nasal Tumors in Animals and Man, 2017
The attempt to demonstrate mucoargentaffine cells with a combined Masson alcian blue stain failed. A trial with combined Sevier-Munger alcian blue staining was, however, demonstrated (Figures 8A and B, Figure 9). The apical type of goblet-like cells (Figures 8A and B) show black peptide granules in their cloudy-gray cytoplasm. The basal type possesses plentiful silver granules in the cytoplasm, but only scanty amount of mucus in the center (Figure 9).
Photosensitive Manifestations of HIV Disease
Published in Clay J. Cockerell, Antoanella Calame, Cutaneous Manifestations of HIV Disease, 2012
Shadi Kourosh, Mary Feldman, Clay J. Cockerell
Aside from certain HIV-associated findings, such as the coexistence of KS in occasional biopsy specimens, the histology of GA lesions in HIV patients is virtually identical to that seen in immunocompetent patients.46 Microscopic examination of biopsy specimens typically shows a normal epidermis with a diffuse infiltrate of histiocytes in the dermis, with deposition of mucin and focal degeneration of collagen demonstrating the palisaded granulomatous pattern. There is also usually an infiltrate of lymphocytes around superficial blood vessels. Another pattern consists of a diffuse infiltrate of histiocytes between and among collagen with poorly formed palisaded granulomas, the interstitial pattern. Dermal mucin deposition can be observed as a grayish-blue substance with hematoxylin and eosin stain and can be highlighted with the Alcian blue stain. Multinucleated histiocytes may be prominent in some lesions and in some cases, there may be scattered eosinophils and plasma cells.46
A rare case of recurrent isolated eyelid myxoma: Case report and review of literature
Published in Orbit, 2022
Anamika Joshi, Saumya Jakati, Mohammad Javed Ali
A definitive diagnosis of myxomas requires histopathological analysis. A myxoid change with spindle- or stellate-shaped stromal cells is characteristic. They contain small- to medium-sized thin-walled blood vessels, imparting a slightly angiomatous appearance, and hence commonly termed as superficial angiomyxomas. Mitotic figures are usually sparse with no nuclear atypia or hyperchromasia. Often, collagen delicately investigates the tumour periphery and extends into the lesion, partially dividing it into nodules. Abnormal epithelial components like epidermoid cyst with keratin and entrapped hair follicles may be seen. Frequent extension of tumour cells into subcutaneous tissue and dermis can be seen, as was present in our case. Epidermis is usually spared. Allen et al. showed two cases of cutaneous myxoid tumours associated with inflammation having ulceration of epidermis.1 Alcian blue stain demonstrates the mucin in the lesion well. The spindle cells are usually negative for S-100 protein, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, and keratin; however, they show positivity for CD34 on immunostaining.3 However, in a case report by Yuen et al. of an isolated eyelid myxoma, tumour cells showed negativity for CD 34.4
Therapeutic effect of acetazolamide, an aquaporin 1 inhibitor, on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by inhibiting NF-κB signal pathway
Published in Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 2018
Li Cai, Wei-Na Chen, Rong Li, Cheng-Mu Hu, Chao Lei, Chun-Mei Li
Histological assessment of ankle joint damage was measured by HE stain and semiquantitative analysis of histological lesions was also performed. The sections of AIA rats showed the typical pathological characteristics including extensive synovial hyperplasia, obvious inflammatory cells infiltration and severe cartilage damage. In contrast, AZ treatment could dose-dependently attenuate the severity of the pathological changes in AIA rats. In RA, proteoglycans loss and collagen fibrils perturbation throughout extracellular matrix (ECM) is a typical pathologic feature of cartilage degradation31,32. Alcian blue stain was applied to indicate proteoglycans expression in articular cartilage of ankle joints sections22. We found that the integral optical density of proteoglycans in articular cartilage of AZ (30, 60 mg/kg) and aspirin-treated groups was remarkably increased compared with AIA group. It is well known that COII as the major structural collagen makes up 85–90% of collagen in cartilage and aggrecan together with COII forms a major structural component of cartilage ECM. In this study, the mRNA levels of COII and aggrecan in cartilage tissues of AIA rats were significantly decreased compared with normal rats, whereas the reduced mRNA levels of COII and aggrecan were reversed by AZ treatment. In all, the results of histological examination and QPCR revealed that AZ effectively alleviated the joint damage of AIA rats, which was comparable with the therapeutic effect of aspirin (a positive control drug).
Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells and its antitumor application on ovarian cancer cell line
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Farideh Mohammadian, Babak Negahdari
The results from this present study showed that spindle-shaped BMMSCs replication approached as much as 75–95% of the original concentration within 5 and 8 days, respectively. Findings from this study shows that BMMSCs differentiated into oestrogenic lineage as shown testing positive for Oil Red and Alizarin red stain after culture in adipogenic and oestrogenic induction medium, respectively, whereas BMMSCs were cultured in control medium did not display any positivity for Alizarin red stain. The results of staining with Oil Red and Alizarin red displayed a successful differentiation to adipogenic and oestrogenic cells. For the examination of proteoglycan, these cells were stained with Alcian blue stain. Chondrogenesis for BMMSCs stained positively with Alcian blue.