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Bacitracin
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Bacitracin has also caused many cases of immediate-type reactions such as contact urticaria and anaphylaxis (Chapter 5). A review article on both delayed-type and immediate-type reactions to bacitracin was published in 2004 (49). A year earlier, bacitracin had been named ‘Allergen of the year’ by the American Contact Dermatitis Society (50). Unfortunately, no data are available, as the issue in question is cannot be found on the website of the publisher. A small review was also released in 2005 (55).
Environment and Lifestyle in Allergic Disease
Published in Pudupakkam K Vedanthan, Harold S Nelson, Shripad N Agashe, PA Mahesh, Rohit Katial, Textbook of Allergy for the Clinician, 2021
Anubha Tripathi, Thomas AE Platts-Mills
The first rule is that inhaled allergens only enter the system on particles. Thus, understanding exposure is as much about the nature of the particles as it is about the properties of the relevant proteins. The best defined inhaled particles are pollen grains, fungal spores, mite feces and the dander of cats and dogs (Table 18.1) (Tovey et al. 1981a, Tovey et al. 1981b, Luczynska et al. 1990). Pollen grains were first recognized as an allergen by Charles Blackley in 1873 (Blackley 1873). He also calculated the weight of pollen grains in the air and was astonished by how little pollen was necessary to cause these symptoms. Subsequent calculations were made in the 1970’s by David Marsh at Johns Hopkins. He calculated annual exposure for specific ragweed allergens, and again the quantities inhaled were found to be very low (Marsh 1975). Those calculations suggested that even conditions of ‘high’ pollen exposure may not represent more than one microgram of pollen allergen inhaled per year. David Marsh also demonstrated that most pollen allergens elute from pollen grains within a few minutes of landing on a fluid surface (Marsh 1975).
Immunology of Skin and Reactivity
Published in Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters, Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Krishna Telaprolu, Heather A.E. Benson, Jeffrey E. Grice, Michael S. Roberts, Philip L. Tong
We have covered the issue of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis that can occur with all forms of cosmetics applied to the skin. This highlights the need for formulators to be aware of the current and emerging allergens in the form of dyes, preservatives and fragrances. Indeed, the American Contact Dermatitis Society brings this awareness to the medical community through the ‘Allergen of the Year Award’ to highlight common allergens that are on the rise and could be easily missed. In 2017, it was awarded to alkyl glucosides, a common ingredient made from palm or coconut oil, and increasingly used in cosmetic formulations because of its perceived eco-friendly and biodegradable properties (Alfalah et al., 2017).
Chitosan self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles for percutaneous delivery of betamethasone in contact dermatitis
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2021
Ivanna Hudan-Tsilo, Oleksandr Tokarskyy, Oksana Shevchuk, Mykhaylo Korda
Nickel-induced allergic CD occurs at high frequency due to the widespread usage of nickel-containing and nickel-plated jewelry, piercings, spectacle coatings, zippers, jewelry, buttons, buckles, spectacle frames, etc. [3]. This metal was named ‘Contact Allergen of the Year’ by the American Contact Dermatitis Society (ACDS) in 2008 [7,8]. Positive skin tests for nickel sulfate were noted in 12–25% of all patients with CD [3,8]. The EU Nickel Directive 2004/96/EC, which was adopted in 1994, but came into full force in 2001, was aimed to reduce the incidence of nickel-associated allergic reactions in European countries by limiting the use of nickel and its salts, though even such strict government regulations were not 100% effective [9–11].
Methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone contact allergy: a monocentric experience from Turkey
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2023
Didem Kazan, Evren Odyakmaz-Demirsoy, Rebiay Kiran, Aysun Şikar-Aktürk, Nilgün Sayman, Dilek Bayramgürler
The epidemic of ACD due to isothiazolinones first developed in the 1980s as a result of the use of MCI/MI (3:1) [6]. For this reason, the use of MCI/MI has been limited in Europe and the United States, but the use of MI at higher concentrations has become widespread. This led to the development of a second peak between 2013 and 2014. Therefore, MI was selected as the allergen of the year in 2013 by the American Contact Dermatitis Group [7]. The use of MI and MCI was banned in leave-on cosmetic products and restricted in rinse-off cosmetic products in Europe and the United Kingdom. Therefore, the sensitivity of isothiazolinone decreased in the following years in these countries [8].
Allergy to acrylate in composite in an orthodontic patient: a case report
Published in Journal of Orthodontics, 2018
Sophy K. Barber, Harmeet K. Dhaliwal
Acrylate-based materials are widely used outside dentistry in personal care products and there is growing concern that this repeated exposure will increasingly sensitise predisposed individuals. In 2012, the American Contact Dermatitis Society named acrylates as ‘Contact Allergen Of The Year’ (ACDS 2017) and the growing problem has led to a release of fact sheets (Contact Dermatitis Institute 2014), and a dedicated website (Acrylate Allergy Awareness 2018). Social media groups also exist, aiming to raise awareness and provide advice.