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The social pillar of sustainable development in Morocco’s solar imaginary
Published in Sharlissa Moore, Sustainable Energy Transformations, Power, and Politics, 2018
For actors pursuing regional grid integration as a climate change mitigation strategy, this chapter illustrates that large-scale renewable energy is part of a Moroccan sociotechnical imaginary with locally specific development goals. The sociotechnical imaginary as a concept illustrates the locally specific and idiomatic aspects of a scaled-up nation-state strategy for renewable energy. What would it take to develop a regionally held sociotechnical imaginary for a renewable-energy-based supergrid, or for all individual nation-states to incorporate regional electricity into their national energy imaginaries? It is likely that the energy particularities, needs, and goals of dozens of nation-states would need to be fused to develop a deeply integrated renewable energy supergrid across nation-state lines.
Smart Grid Technologies
Published in Stuart Borlase, Smart Grids, 2017
Based on these evaluations, Figure 3.89 shows the stepwise interconnection of a number of grids by using AC lines, DC B2B systems, DC long-distance transmissions, and FACTS for strengthening the AC lines. These integrated hybrid AC/DC systems provide significant advantages in terms of technology, economics, as well as system security. They reduce transmission costs and help bypass heavily loaded AC systems. With these DC and AC ultrahigh power transmission technologies, the “smart grid,” consisting of a number of highly flexible “microgrids,” will turn into a “super grid” with bulk power energy highways, fully suitable for a secure and sustainable access to huge renewable energy resources such as hydro, solar, and wind, as indicated in Figure 3.90. This approach is an important step in the direction of environmental sustainability of power supply: transmission technologies with HVDC and FACTS can effectively help reduce transmission losses and CO2 emissions.
Renewables Conquering the Mainstream of the World’s Energy Markets
Published in Wolfgang Palz, The Triumph of the Sun in 2000–2020, 2019
China is a much bigger country than Germany (the Germans often forget that) and faces these problems on a much larger scale: Much of its wind current is generated in its western provinces far inland with the concentration of demand near the East coast. China is building an innovative super-grid between East and West. In late 2018, a 3200 km gridline for the transmission of 12 GW became operational. The technology uses DC current and the highest voltage of 1.1 million Volt ever seen, for the low losses they offer. The Europeans ABB and Siemens were involved in this gigantic endeavour.
Active and reactive power control of hybrid offshore AC and DC grids
Published in Automatika, 2019
An efficient, economical, and reliable offshore wind power plant transmission system has utmost importance for the development of the future “SuperGrid” [1]. The selection between high voltage alternating current (HVAC) or HVDC transmission for the offshore wind power plant connection predominantly depends on its distance from the shore and the installed capacity [2]. For the long distances, HVDC transmission system has preference over HVAC cables since the latter has higher losses and requires additional reactive power compensation. The offshore wind power plants located within the distance of 60 km from the shore are individually connected with the HVAC cables [3]. Longer connection also possible using HVAC cables by having multiple intermediate AC compensating stations [4,5]. The offshore wind power plant integration with the offshore AC hub is economically suitable if it has distance less than 20 km. This benefit reduces as the distance increase, and it provides no economical advantage beyond 40 km [6]. The received power at the offshore AC hub can be transferred to shore via VSC–HVDC transmission system either using point-to-point or multi-terminal (MT) configuration [7].
A mitigation scenario for Latin American power-related carbon dioxide emissions
Published in Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2020
Paulo M. De Oliveira-De Jesus, Marco González De León, Rafael A. Melán
However, these projects are far to provide enough benefits to develop large-scale generation projects based on renewable energy such as solar (Atacama Desert in Chile), wind (Colombian and Venezuelan north coast) or conventional hydropower at several river basins in the region. A way to make viable these resources in the context of a transnational electricity market is through the concept of a super grid built with High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) links.