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Acceptance issues in the transition to renewable energy
Published in Farid Karimi, Michael Rodi, Energy Transition in the Baltic Sea Region, 2022
In conclusion, the need for financial measures to promote local acceptance is acknowledged, while it is disputable whether the Renewable Energy Act provides the most suitable legal framework. A more transparent and less complex framework to consider is an approach similar to one used when locating new overhead power lines and high-voltage pylons. As a starting point, the compensation would thus in most cases be based on standardised principles and rates, and there would only be a need to determine additional compensation in exceptional cases, while cases of conflict would involve the use of (compulsory) acquisition measures. Another but considerably more positive mindset or approach than the existing schemes would be the introduction of the concept of a “local tariff” that would bring cheaper renewable electricity to local residents by offering reduced tariffs. With a well-thought-out design, such an initiative could even bring about a positive vibe to dwellings in the vicinity of renewable energy facilities, comparable to the strong focus on a house's energy performance label when purchasing one, thus providing dwellings in renewable energy-intensive areas with a higher market value.
Property cycles
Published in Richard Reed, Property Development, 2021
A common scenario is a property’s actual view of the ocean or a river, where a premium exists for a property with a ‘view’ but a ‘close view’ cannot be compared. On the other hand a location near a high voltage overhead transmission line (HVOTL) will often decrease in value but the amount of reduction will depend on factors including how close the HVOTL is positioned to the plot in question and whether the pylons are visible (Wadley et al. 2019). These factors can influence the amount to which a parcel of land is affected by market trends both complicating and increasing the error rate in a market analysis.
Design of axially loaded piles - 1997 Belgian Practice
Published in Alain E. Holeyman, Screw Piles – Installation and Design in Stiff Clay, 2020
A. Holeyman, C. Bauduin, M. Bottiau, P. Debacker, F. De Cock, E. Dupont, J.L. Hilde, C. Legrand, N. Huybrechts, P. Menge, J.P. Miller, G. Simon
Particularly for piles supporting pylons for high voltage lines, specifications often require a verification of the side friction on the piles under cyclic loading by the method suggested by Begemann (1969). The side friction resistance is then calculated on basis of the local friction as directly measured in the CPT, following formula (5) : qsu.= αfs × fs. On the other hand, it is proposed by Begemann [2] for alternating loading (compression/tension), to reduce the friction over the middle half of the embedded length of the shaft by a factor of 3.0.
Reliability-based Fire Protection of Structural Cables due to Deck Fires on Cable Supported Bridges
Published in Structural Engineering International, 2023
Panagiotis Kotsovinos, Yavor Panev, Heikki Lilja, Atte Mikkonen, Alberto Carlucci, Peter Woodburn
As a case study of the proposed methodology, a recent Arup commercial project in Finland of a long-span cable-stayed bridge under design development is used as a basis. For this case study, the total length of the bridge is 680 m. Approximately 450 m of the span is supported by a cable-stayed system while the remainder is supported by beam girders. The maximum span between pylons is 250 m and the maximum height of the pylon above deck level is 60 m. The total effective width of the deck is 15.75 m. The bridge will accommodate a pedestrian access lane and two lanes of traffic. The cable system is positioned on both sides of the traffic lane as shown on Fig. 4. The maximum number of cables from each pylon is 11. The average spacing between the cables measured at traffic lane level is 11.5 m.
The Concept of Historical Aluminium-Pigmented Anticorrosive Armour Paints, for Sustainable Maintenance of Ferrous Heritage
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2022
The estimated lifetime of the aluminium-pigmented AP system on pylons was 24 years, at which point the system for assessing degradation was reduced from a ten-graded scale to five (Vattenfall 1933).8Already in the 1920s, Vattenfall used a 10-graded pictorial scale to describe the condition of the painted surface. It was later called the “the Swedish pictorial rate” and further developed by ASTM (Trägårdh 1954). Level 5 represented a painted surface that was so degraded that the entire steel surface required cleaning prior to painting treatment (Vattenfall 1933). The estimation of 24 years to reach Level 5 was made in southern Sweden (distance Västerås -Lidköping), in a climate corresponding to Corrosivity Class 2 according to ISO 9223. Corrosivity Class 2 remains the most common class in Sweden today (Reuterswärd 2011). Depending on factors such as the environment and working procedures, the lifetime of the AP could be even longer. Intact surfaces have been found on power pylons dating from the 1930s up to 70 years after application (Reuterswärd 2014). A paint analysis of the Oat Mill (Havrekvarnen) in Nacka, Stockholm, revealed original AP paint layers dating from as early as 1928 (Reuterswärd 2013) (Figure 4).
SPH Modelling of a Dike Failure with Detection of the Landslide Sliding Surface and Damage Scenarios for an Electricity Pylon
Published in International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, 2022
Andrea Amicarelli, Emanuela Abbate, Antonella Frigerio
It is a simple three-phase electricity pylon in tubular steel with rigid insulators, concrete one-footing plinth foundation and total height of 21.750 m. The power lines linked to the electricity pylon are not simulated, just for sake of simplicity, even if their role on the pylon dynamics might be appreciable. The tubular steel is made of four components. The barycentre of the pylon approximatively lays on the interface between the first and the second component of the steel tube. The pylon is discretized with 7’104 SPH body particles. The spatial resolution in the solid sub-domain is Δxs = 0.083 m. The plinth base lays on the bottom boundary of the numerical domain which represents an anti-symmetry plane within the silt layer. The portion of the silt layer below this boundary is assumed as infinitely rigid. The overall height of the electricity pylon is ca.22 m. The maximum width is ca.2 m. In the toppling scenario, the electricity pylon ‘pyl’ stands on the upstream edge of the excavation zone, close to the barycentre of this section (xCM,pyl = 14.000 m; yCM,pyl = 48.500 m), where the subscript ‘CM’ denotes the pylon barycentre. In the safety scenario, the electricity pylon stands on the downstream edge of the excavation zone, close to the barycentre of this section (xCM,pyl = 21.500 m; yCM,pyl = 41.000 m).