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Biomedical Imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published in Lawrence S. Chan, William C. Tang, Engineering-Medicine, 2019
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a technique that allows characterization of tissue mechanical properties, such as shear stiffness, in response to compression or vibration (Glaser et al. 2012). To perform MRE, a driver is used to deliver mechanical waves to the tissue. These mechanical waves can be imaged as they travel through the tissue using a phase-sensitive MR pulse sequence. Image acquisition can be accomplished within a breath hold. The ability to measure tissue mechanical properties can provide valuable information for characterizing a number of diseases, such as hepatic fibrosis (Glaser et al. 2012).
Magnetic Resonance Elastography
Published in Adil Al-Mayah, Biomechanics of Soft Tissues, 2018
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a recently developed technology that uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure the biomechanical properties of biological tissues, such as elasticity and viscosity. Due to its sensitivity to pathology-driven alterations in tissue biomechanics, MRE is a powerful diagnostic tool for detecting and staging disease, including fibrosis, cancer, and inflammation. The technology is undergoing rapid development for application to multiple organ sites in the body, and is already widely adopted in clinical practice for diagnosing hepatic fibrosis. This chapter will provide an overview of the background, methodology, and clinical applications of MRE.
Remote palpation of the human brain with magnetic resonance imaging: protocol optimization for the study of glioblastoma
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
M. Yushchenko, M. Sarracanie, M. Amann, R. Sinkus, J. Wuerfel, N. Salameh
Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a non- invasive technique that remotely quantifies the complex shear modulus G* = Gd + i Gl of the tissues, e.g., in the brain (Simon et al. 2013). To obtain such information, a continuous periodic vibration in the organ of interest is induced by means of an external transducer placed in contact with the patient. During the vibration, a modified MR sequence encodes the displacement in each voxel (Muthupillai et al. 1995), and this data is then used to locally invert the complex wave equation (Garteiser et al. 2013). Therefore, many different parameters may affect the quality and accuracy of the resulting mechanical information. For instance, it was previously shown that inadequate ratios between the vibration wavelength and the voxel size may lead to inaccurate estimation of stiffness even in homogeneous regions (Honarvar et al. 2016).
Development of MR elastography method to characterize the elastic property of the sterno-cleido-mastoid (SCM) muscle
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2020
P. Pouletaut, F. Charleux, B. Devauchelle, J.M. Constans, R. Ternifi, S. Boussida, A. Hamaoui, C. Krzisch, S.F. Bensamoun
MRE is an imaging technique based on the propagation of shear waves in soft tissue allowing the quantification of mechanical properties. To follow the displacement of the waves, the motion encoding gradients in the three orthogonal directions have been performed with four time offsets. Subsequently, the waves have been generated with three different frequencies (60 Hz, 90 Hz, 120 Hz) for each pneumatic drivers in order to select the best wave propagation in the SCM. Moreover, different wave amplitudes (from 50 to 100%) have been tested to make the wave deeply penetrate the muscle.