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Introduction
Published in M. Rashad Islam, Civil Engineering Materials, 2020
Elasticity is the property of a solid material to return to its initial shape and size immediately after the forces deforming it are removed. If the restoration to its initial shape and size takes time, then it is also a viscous property. Elasticity is not affected by the loading magnitude (small load or large load) or speed of application (fast or slow), as long as the material is within the elastic limit. Elasticity can be linear (stress–strain proportional) or non-linear. Non-linear deformation also returns to its initial shape and size upon releasing the load.
Rheology and Physical Tests
Published in Charles E. Carraher, Carraher's Polymer Chemistry, 2017
The elastic modulus (also called tensile modulus or modulus of elasticity) is the ratio of the applied stress to the strain it produces within the region where the relationship between stress and strain is linear. The ultimate tensile strength is equal to the force required to cause failure divided by the minimum cross-sectional area of the test sample.
Applied engineering systems
Published in Mike Tooley, Engineering A Level, 2006
Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape and size when any externally applied forces are removed. Consider a material that is subject to a tensile force. Provided that the force applied to a material is within the limits for which the material behaves as an elastic material, any increase in length of the material will be directly proportional to the force applied. This is known as Hooke’s Law and it follows that, within the elastic limit of a material, the strain produced is directly proportional to the stress producing it. These important relationships are illustrated in Figure 4.18.
New approach for simultaneous measurement of elastic modulus and initial length of viscoelastic material
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
Nasrin Hashemi, Azita Asayesh, Mohammad Amani Tehran, Ali Asghar Asghariyan Jeddi
Modulus of elasticity is a measure of the stiffness of an elastic material. It is used to describe the elastic properties of objects when they are stretched or compressed. In the present study, the accuracy of elastic modulus obtained from the tensile test data has been greatly improved using an equation fit to the load- length curve. The main results can be summarized as follows:The new method has advantages of simple principles, convenient operation, and a wide range of application.Errors caused by the operator's manual settings such as pretension or adjusting the initial length of the sample with the gap between the two jaws are ineffective in the calculation of the elastic modulus using this method.The obtained modulus is highly accurate and has a small coefficient of variation, thus requiring less repetition to calculate it for each sample.
Electronic, mechanical, vibrational and optical properties of TaIrX (X = Ge and sn): a DFT approach
Published in Molecular Physics, 2022
The parameters associated with the mechanical properties include the elastic constants, the shear modulus, the Young modulus, Poisson’s ratio, the anisotropic factor and the B/G ratio. These parameters have been computed for TaIrGe and TaIrSn as presented in Table 2. The elastic constants show the behaviour of different materials to external forces and the strength of materials is highly dependent on them. The elastic constants associated with cubic structures are C11, C12 and C44, where C11 and C12 describe the resistance of a material to linear deformation and C44 describes the resistance of a material to shear deformation. The mechanical stability of the cubic structure is determined by the stability criteria given below [24]: From Equation (1), it is clear that the two HH alloys are mechanically stable. The Voigt-Reuss-Hill approximation determines the Poisson ratio, Young and shear modulus. The Poisson ratio describes the elasticity of a material and for metals and most alloys the value is within the range of 0.25–0.35 [25]. The Poisson ratio of TaIrX(X = Ge and Sn) falls within this range. The Young and shear modulus describe the resistance to elastic and shear deformation respectively. From the results in Table 2, the Young and shear modulus of TaIrGe are higher than TaIrSn, indicating that TaIrGe has a higher tendency to resist elastic and shear modulus. The B/G ratio of the two HH alloys is higher than the critical value of 1.75, indicating that the two HH alloys are ductile.
The effect of uniaxial stress on magneto-electronic properties and band Jahn–Teller distortion of Ni2MnGa Heusler alloy: an ab initio study
Published in Philosophical Magazine, 2022
El Habib Abbes, Hamza Abbassa, Said Meskine, Abdesamed Benbedra, Abdelkader Boukortt
Calculating the elastic properties is an essential step for solid material; it checks the structural stability of the considered crystallographic structure. Elastic constants give more information for binding characteristics between adjacent atomic planes and structural stability. Elasticity defines the characteristics of a solid material that undergoes stress, so it deforms and recovers then returns to its original form after the stress ceases [34].