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Sensor Networks in Healthcare: A New Paradigm for Improving Future Global Health
Published in Daniel Tze Huei Lai, Rezaul Begg, Marimuthu Palaniswami, Healthcare Sensor Networks, 2016
Daniel T.H. Lai, Braveena Santhiranayagam, Rezaul K. Begg, Marimuthu Palaniswami
Research addressing power requirements can be categorized into two major areas: (i) the search for alternative portable energy and (ii) work on low-power electronics. Novel alternatives currently being pursued are addressed in detail in Chapter 4, which looks at harvesting energy from the environment to power BAN electronics. The current industry, however, is looking at the development of low-power electronics aimed at prolonging battery life. Zarlink Semiconductor is developing an ultra low-power (ULP) radio that uses 1.2 V (average power 250 µW), which is a magnitude of power lower than the 802.15.4 protocol (Das 2009). The company has also manufactured an ECG monitor requiring only 600 µW with a peak current of 7 mA. Current coin cell batteries operate at 3 V, which requires a DC regulator for delivering a 1.2 V supply. Besides the additional electronics, the regulator also dissipates 60% of the energy as heat, which presents a further engineering enigma, i.e., how to compare the efficiency of low-power portable devices when the batteries have higher voltage ratings.
Applications of Sensor Systems in Prognostics and Health Management
Published in Laurent A. Francis, Krzysztof Iniewski, Novel Advances in Microsystems Technologies and Their Applications, 2017
Ultra-low power electronics will enable future sensor systems to consume much less power. For example, in May 2010, Intel released its new generation of Atom ultra-low power processors based on the 45 nm technology. ‘Collectively these new chips deliver significantly lower power including >50× reduction in idle power, >20× reduction in audio power, and 2–3× reductions across browsing and video scenarios – all at the platform level when compared to Intel’s previous-generation product. These power savings translate into >10 days of standby, up to 2 days of audio playback and 4–5 h of browsing and video battery life’ [20].
Temperature Controlled Voltage Regulated Boost Converter for Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
This study is an experimental investigation of d.c. voltage regulation using thermoelectric energy harvesting. It depends on the temperature difference across thermoelectric modules and change in frequency of pulse for operating the boost converter. The modulation in the gate driver clock using eight different frequencies ranging from 39 kHz to 5 MHz in the boost converter makes an intelligent control circuit for regulating the output voltage ranging from 1.05 to 47 V. It is shown that the converter provides a maximum power of 2.26 mW when the load resistance is 92 kΩ. The present study and results will be useful for power optimization and act as a d.c. regulated sustainable power source for low power electronics circuits by converting waste heat into useful electrical energy.