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Bioprospecting and Genomic-Based Biotechnology for Economic Use of Agro-Industrial Wastes
Published in Jitendra Kumar Saini, Surender Singh, Lata Nain, Sustainable Microbial Technologies for Valorization of Agro-Industrial Wastes, 2023
Gretty K. Villena, Ilanit Samolski
Biorefinery platforms include thermochemical, mechanical, and biological conversion. Biological conversion includes mainly anaerobic digestion, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation for bioenergy products like biogas, biodiesel, and bioethanol (Ubando et al. 2020). For a better biomass valorization, genomics-based biotechnology could contribute to bioeconomy innovativeness. That means to transfer basic scientific knowledge into a successful industrial manufacturing and agriculture and other production areas by improving quantity and quality of products. Newly conceived knowledge-based bioeconomy will arise by coupling genomics, modern molecular techniques, and synthetic biology together with engineering strategies and bioinformatics (Aguilar et al. 2018; de Lorenzo et al. 2018; Lokko et al. 2018).
Reactive Separation Processes for Biomass Conversion and Biorefineries
Published in Carlos Ariel Cardona Alzate, Mariana Ortiz Sanchez, Yury Pisarenko, Reactive Separation for Process Intensification and Sustainability, 2019
Carlos Ariel Cardona Alzate, Mariana Ortiz Sanchez, Yury Pisarenko
Based on the above, there is no doubt of the wide potential of lignocellulosic biomass. However, in order to create feasible production bioprocesses, it is necessary to consider an integral use of the feedstock. This necessity allows for introducing the concept of biorefinery. A biorefinery is the adaptation of a petroleum refinery scheme (one feedstock (oil) to produce multiple products) to a biomass-based scheme. One of the most complete definitions states, “A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power, and chemicals from biomass. The biorefinery concept is analogous to today’s petroleum refineries, which produce multiple fuels and products from petroleum. Industrial biorefineries have been identified as the most promising route to the creation of a new domestic bio-based industry” [19–21]. Several biorefineries have been proposed using different agroindustrial residues [13,22–33].
Other Feedstocks—Coal, Oil Shale, and Biomass
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
A biorefinery (Speight, 2011c) is the means by which biomass can be converted to other products—in the current context the other products are biofuels which have the potential to replace certain petroleum-derived fuels. In theory, a biorefinery can use all kinds of biomass, including wood and dedicated agricultural crops, plant- and animal-derived waste, municipal waste, and aquatic biomass (algae, seaweeds). A biorefinery produces a spectrum of marketable products and energy including intermediate and final products: food, feed, materials, chemicals, fuels, power, and/or heat. However, the differences in the various biomass feedstocks may dictate that a biorefinery be constructed and operated on the basis of the chemical composition of the feedstock and the mean by which the feedstock is to be processed.
Current status and future prospects of biological routes to bio-based products using raw materials, wastes, and residues as renewable resources
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Ji-Young Lee, Sung-Eun Lee, Dong-Woo Lee
A biorefinery combines conversion processes, plants, and facilities to produce biofuels, energy (electricity and heat), and platform molecules from biomass (de Jong & Jungmeier, 2015; Ragauskas et al., 2006; Takkellapati et al., 2018). Thus, different biorefinery configurations can produce a variety of platform intermediates, which is reminiscent of the petrochemical industry (Figure 3). There are several commercially-available biorefinery processes for the production of platform molecules, allowing the use of a single feedstock (either a sugar, starch, or vegetable oil) to produce two or three products, including energy-driven products (Becker et al., 2015; Cok et al., 2014; Luque et al., 2008). These can be directly integrated with existing plants for power, digestion, or biofuel production by providing an appropriate feedstock, except for pretreatment processes for raw materials.
Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis: processes, applications, and market
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2022
Géssica Cavalcanti Pereira Mota, Laenne Barbara Silva de Moraes, Carlos Yure B. Oliveira, Deyvid Willame S. Oliveira, Jéssika Lima de Abreu, Danielli Matias M. Dantas, Alfredo Olivera Gálvez
The concept of the biorefinery is strictly related to the circular economy model, which, as a purpose, has economic growth based on integrated chains aimed at sustainable development. In this economy model, the industrial system is designed and executed in a regenerative and restorative way, making use of renewable energies and eliminating waste.[93] Another premise is that the consumable components of a product are formed by biological ingredients or nontoxic and beneficial “nutrients” that can be safely returned to the biosphere,[93] such as astaxanthin produced from H. pluvialis in a biorefinery model. This bioeconomy model aims to increase production efficiency and has high prospects for advancement.[94]
Optimal design and operation of a second-generation biofuels supply chain
Published in IISE Transactions, 2022
H. Neil Geismar, Bruce A. McCarl, Stephen W. Searcy
We present the following additional suggestions for future research:The relative newness of the biofuel industry has prevented biomass from being treated as a commodity. Thus, biorefineries’ seek to develop the biomass market to ensure supply, so the relationship between supplier and biorefinery is in many cases a vertically-integrated partnership, rather than an adversarial competition. Therefore, the contracting issues that commonly arise in more mature supply chains have yet to develop in this market for biomass. Hence, the issue of contracts between a biorefinery and its growers may become salient as the industry matures. A recent work by Memişoǧlu and Üster (2021) examines incentive programs to encourage growers to shift to switchgrass production.A biorefinery that can process multiple types of biomass or feedstock is significantly more expensive than a specialized one. However, using various inputs that are harvested in different seasons would allow the biorefinery to be in continuous use with just-in-time delivery while requiring far less storage of biomass or pellets. Exploring these trade-offs could be worthwhile research.