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Non-dissipative equalisation circuit research based on adjacent lithium-ion cell energy transfer
Published in Lin Liu, Automotive, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, 2017
Renzhuo Wan, Ming Chen, Jun Wang, Fan Yang
Electric Vehicles (EVs), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are increasing in importance for economic development or financial investment, which may relieve the stress from the energy crisis and environmental pollution worldwide. Lithium-ion batteries as a relatively green energy source have been used widely, due to their high energy density, non-memory effect, low self-discharge rate, lightweight property, long lifetime, etc. (Tarascon, 2001). In practice, a majority of batteries in series and parallel are needed to meet the requirements of high voltage and large capacity (Lu, 2013). Based on the considerations of safety, practicability and stability, as well as to achieve superior power performance, a high uniformity of batteries is demanded. However, due to the nature of electrochemistry characteristics, manufacturing variance and actual complex working conditions, the capacities and internal resistances of batteries are variable, which may potentially cause a capacity imbalance of the cell/pack during the process of charging/discharging (Park, 2009; Anthony, 2014). At present, battery balancing technology is becoming necessary and a core index in the mainstream of a battery management system (Stuart, 2011; Dai, 2013; Manenti, 2011).
Optimization of Battery Energy Storage System in Active Distribution Networks
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
S. P. Alexprabu, K. Sathiyasekar
The charge and discharge capacity of the battery pack is limited by the battery cells with the lowest capacity. When low-capacity battery cells are overcharged or discharged, the result is not only a reduction in the total capacity of the battery pack but also damage and destruction of the entire battery pack. As a result, active balancing systems are commonly used to manage battery packs. Active cell balancing dynamically ensures the electrical energy balance of series-connected battery cells to protect the battery pack’s safety and performance while improving charging and discharging capacity. The battery balancing method using distributive charging is divided into two categories based on whether energy is consumed: passive cell balancing and active cell balancing. However, optimizing the capacity of the battery by distributive balancing involved balancing losses. So sequenced feedback-controlled charging has been incorporated to improve the performance of the battery pack. The block diagram of the feedback-controlled charging is shown below in Figure 6.