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Shafts and Associated Parts
Published in Ansel C. Ugural, Mechanical Engineering Design, 2022
Shafts are used in a variety of ways in all types of mechanical equipment. A shaft, usually a slender member of round cross-section, rotates and transmits power or motion. However, a shaft can have a noncircular cross-section and need not be rotating. An axle, a nonrotating member that carries no torque, is used to support rotating members. A spindle designates a short shaft. A flexible shaft transmits motion between two points (e.g., motor and machine), where the rotational axes are at an angle with respect to one another. The customary shaft types are straight shafts of constant or stepped cross-section and crankshafts (Figure 9.1). The former two carry rotating members such as gears, pulleys, grooved pulleys (sheaves), or other wheels. The latter are used to convert reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa.
Shafts and Associated Parts
Published in Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural, Mechanical Engineering Design, 2020
Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural
Shafts are used in a variety of ways in all types of mechanical equipment. A shaft, usually a slender member of round cross-section, rotates and transmits power or motion. However, a shaft can have a noncircular cross-section and need not be rotating. An axle, a nonrotating member that carries no torque, is used to support rotating members. A spindle designates a short shaft. A flexible shaft transmits motion between two points (e.g., motor and machine), where the rotational axes are at an angle with respect to one another. The customary shaft types are straight shafts of constant or stepped cross-section and crankshafts (Figure 9.1). The former two carry rotating members such as gears, pulleys, grooved pulleys (sheaves), or other wheels. The latter are used to convert reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa.
Underground design
Published in Martin Lloyd Smith, Geologic and Mine Modelling using Techbase and Lynx, 2020
Underground mine access can be by shaft, incline or adit. In the case of a vertical shaft, ore transport will include a skip/cage system. There are two types of shafts: ventilation shafts which serve for mine air exhaust and which have limited facilities for access, and production shafts, which often serve a dual role of hoisting and air intake and will contain a manway, pipes and cables. For inclines and adits, ore transport from the mining face can be continuous and commonly involves some combination of wheeled transport and conveyors with the choice between the two being a function of the mining method, production rate and distance to the portal. Thus, the first decision to be made is the type of mine access and from this the material handling system can be designed. The mine access decision involves a number of criteria: topography, overburden depth and type, extent of deposit to depth, production rate, capital and operating costs, ventilation, and indicated ore at depth.
Quantitative assessment and development utilization modes of space resources in closed and abandoned mines
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Li Ji, Jihong Dong, Thomas Kienberger, Jiu Huang, Feng Liu, Lei Wang, Yanli Huang, Huadong Gao
The shaft can be divided into three types: vertical shaft, inclined shaft and drift. The available space of shafts can be calculated using formula 4: