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Introduction
Published in Getu Hailu, Michal Varchola, Peter Hlbocan, Design of Hydrodynamic Machines, 2022
Getu Hailu, Michal Varchola, Peter Hlbocan
Turbomachines are among the most widely used devices in the world. Pumps, compressors, turbines, and fans are all collectively known as turbomachines. In turbomachinery, energy transfer occurs between a continuously flowing fluid (liquid, steam, gas) and a rotor by the dynamic action of moving blade rows. The word turbo or turbinis is a Latin word meaning “that which spins or whirls around.” Turbomachines can generally be classified into two categories. Turbomachines that transfer energy from a continuously flowing fluid to a blade rotor are known as turbines. Those devices transferring energy from a rotor to a continuously flowing fluid are known as compressors (air), pumps (for liquids), or fans (air). Compressors result in a high-pressure rise compared to fans. These devices use shaft power to increase fluid pressure or head. Some authors define open turbomachines that include wind turbines, propellers, and fans without shroud. Whereas pumps, compressors, and fans increase the pressure of the fluid, turbines produce power by rotating the rotor of a generator.
Turbomachinery History, Classifications, and Applications
Published in Bijay K. Sultanian, Logan's Turbomachinery, 2019
The continued success of turbomachines, particularly gas turbines, since the 1940s can be attributed to advances made in materials technology, aerodynamics, cooling technology, and manufacturing methods, including additive manufacturing (3-D printing). In April 1956, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) launched an international annual meeting, the ASME International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit, to present and discuss all aspects of turbomachinery technology. In 1988, this conference was renamed ASME TURBO EXPO. This conference continues to be held annually in a 5-day format with over 3000 attendees, presentations of over 1000 technical papers, workshops, tutorials, and topical panel sessions. In the review process, a number of papers from this conference are accepted for publication in either the ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power or the ASME Journal of Turbomachinery. The conference also features a world-class exhibit showcasing the latest products and technology from leading original equipment manufacturers of turbomachinery and from ancillary industries.
Liquid-Propellant Injection System
Published in D.P. Mishra, Fundamentals of Rocket Propulsion, 2017
Generally, light weight, high-performance, high-reliability, and small-volume (compact) turbines and pumps for pressuring liquid propellants are preferred for design of rocket engine systems. We all know that a turbomachine consists of rotating elements, stationary elements, and hub, which are housed in casing. Based on the types of predominant flow in machine (geometry of rotating elements), turbomachines can be classified into three categories: (1) radial (centrifugal), (2) mixed (helico-centrifugal), and (3) axial (helicoidal). Among these types, radial pumps are preferred for almost all operational liquid-propellant rocket engines and hence is discussed in detail in the following.
Fault diagnosis of bladed disc using wavelet transform and ensemble empirical mode decomposition
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020
Rima Bouhali, Kamel Tadjine, Hocine Bendjama, Mohamed Nacer Saadi
Nowadays, turbomachines are considered as an important technology. Various fields use these rotating machines such as aerospace, petrochemistry, electric power generation, aeronautics, vehicular propulsion etc. In turbomachine, the energy transfers between a flowing fluid and a rotating bladed disc by means of dynamic action resulting in a change in pressure and momentum of fluid. Therefore, the rotating bladed disc is considered as among the principal components of these machines. Any fault present in this element can potentially compromise the health condition of turbomachines, even in the case of a single blade failure.
Reliability-based analysis method of fluid dynamics for turbomachinery with interval distribution parameters
Published in Engineering Optimization, 2021
Q. U. XiaoZhang, Jianghong Yu, Qishui Yao, Shuangyan Lv
Turbomachinery uses fluid as a working medium to convert energy, and can be divided into prime movers and slave movers. There are two main types of turbomachinery structure: axial flow and centrifugal flow, and they are widely used in wind power generation, aviation, aerospace, railway, shipping, automobile, environmental protection and other industries. In the fluid dynamics analysis of turbomachinery, there are many inherent uncertain parameters, such as load, structural parameters, and so on. Therefore, accurate uncertainty modelling and reliability analysis and optimization have important engineering significance for improving the safety level of fluid structures. In recent years, many studies have been carried out in the field of reliability analysis and optimization of fluid machineries. For example, Hu et al. (2014) developed a hybrid robust optimal design method for turbine systems with a mixture of precise and imprecise probability variables. For the design of blade radial deformation under gas turbine conditions, Fei, Tang, and Bai (2014) studied the structural dynamic reliability optimization design of the extremum response surface method-based support vector machine of regression and importance degree model. Baloni, Pathak, and Channiwala (2015) used the Taguchi method and analysis of variance approach to optimize the volute of the blower. Kim and Lee (2015) used the reliability analysis method to study the support structure of a tubular offshore wind turbine set under the extreme loads of a marine environment. Yang et al. (2015) proposed a tripod structure optimization design method for offshore wind turbines based on reliability considering the requirements of a dynamic response. Gao et al. (2016) studied the reliability analysis method of low cycle fatigue damage of aeroengine turbine blades based on distributed cooperative response surface methodology. Hu, Choi, and Cho (2016) studied the design optimization method of 5 MW wind turbine blades based on reliability. Kamenik et al. (2018) proposed a robust aerodynamic optimization method for the actual manufacturing changes of industrial steam turbine rotor blades. Li et al. (2018) proposed a reliability-based multidisciplinary turbine blade optimization design method based on the coupling of aerodynamics, heat transfer and strength, which effectively improved the performance of cooling turbine blades. Reliability is used as the constraint condition, the sensitivity of the target function to the uncertainty factor is reduced and the robustness of the design scheme is improved. Therefore, the influence of the design parameters on the uncertainty factors should be considered in the design of the fluid machineries.