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Electrical and thermal properties of materials
Published in David Jiles, Introduction to the Electronic Properties of Materials, 2017
In the Hall effect, the application of a magnetic field normal to the passage of an electric current leads not only to a transverse voltage but also to a transverse temperature gradient. The appearance of this temperature gradient is known as the Ettingshausen effect. This arises because charge carriers with different energies (velocities) are deflected differently by the magnetic field. This is a small effect which adds to the Hall voltage.
Sm-Co-based amorphous alloy films for zero-field operation of transverse thermoelectric generation
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2022
Rajkumar Modak, Yuya Sakuraba, Takamasa Hirai, Takashi Yagi, Hossein Sepehri-Amin, Weinan Zhou, Hiroto Masuda, Takeshi Seki, Koki Takanashi, Tadakatsu Ohkubo, Ken-ichi Uchida
In recent years, the research on spin caloritronics is showing a new direction with the demonstration of many magneto-thermoelectric effects by advanced heat detection techniques [1–5]. The magneto-thermoelectric effects that provide interconversion between heat and charge currents in magnetic materials exhibit unique thermoelectric conversion functionalities, which potentially enable versatile thermal energy harvesting and active thermal management for electronic and spintronic devices. Among the magneto-thermoelectric effects, the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) and its Onsager reciprocal called anomalous Ettingshausen effect (AEE) are of particular interest due to their unique heat-charge current conversion symmetry [6–12]. ANE (AEE) generates a charge (heat) current in the direction perpendicular to an applied temperature gradient (charge current) and magnetization M: