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Tribology in the Automotive Sector
Published in Jitendra Kumar Katiyar, Alessandro Ruggiero, T.V.V.L.N. Rao, J. Paulo Davim, Industrial Tribology, 2023
Sudheer Reddy Beyanagari, P. Kumaravelu, Dhiraj Kumar Reddy Gongati, Yashwanth Maddini, S. Arulvel, Jayakrishna Kandasamy
A propeller shaft, also known as a drive shaft, is a component that transfers torque from the transmission to the transfer case and driving axles. The drive shaft is stressed by torsion or shear as it carries torque; as a result, it must be able to withstand the load while avoiding the addition of too much weight, which will simply increase their inertia. While the vehicle travels on the road, it has to experience rough road conditions containing ups and downs. Thus, the propeller shaft has to withstand shear force, transfer layer torque, higher dynamic and vibrating forces to the rear axles. Otherwise, the vehicles cannot run at this junction. While doing so, high friction takes place and this, in turn, leads to more wear and tear. Moreover, the drive shaft is employed differently in front-wheel drive, four-wheel drive, and front-engine, i.e., rear-wheel drive in automobiles. It is also seen in motorbikes, locomotives, and ships. Hence, a hollow and a solid shaft move relative to each other. A rubber element is placed between the sliding tube and sliding shaft to absorb shocks. In addition, the engine and the gearbox are linked to the vehicle’s frame, via flexible mountings or bearings, which help to improve tribological conditions and smooth operating motion. Thus causes a change in the length of the propeller shaft, which is adjusted by the slip joint so as to reduce vibration. Generally, the propeller shaft is manufactured with tabular hardened alloy steel and sometimes it is comprised of steel, spring steel and Al/SiCp composites [24].
Materials and Manufacturing Considerations in Product Design
Published in Joseph Datsko, Materials Selection for Design and Manufacturing, 2020
The following examples illustrate the sort of basic understanding needed about the function of parts. The function of a bolt is to transmit an axial tensile load in order to hold two pieces together. The function of a tensile specimen is to determine the tensile properties of the material it is made of. The function of the drive shaft in an automobile is to transmit torque from the transmission to the differential.
Automotive Transmissions and Drive Trains
Published in Don M. Pirro, Martin Webster, Ekkehard Daschner, Lubrication Fundamentals, 2017
Don M. Pirro, Martin Webster, Ekkehard Daschner
Typically, a drive shaft consists of a tubular shaft with a universal joint at each end. The universal joints allow for angular changes, and a slip joint at one end allows for changes in length. Some long drive shafts are made in two parts with a center support bearing to minimize whip and vibration. Three universal joints are then used.
Optimization of glass epoxy composite driveshaft for light motor vehicles using fuzzy logic technique
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022
Rajaram M. Shinde, Suresh M. Sawant
Driveshaft in a vehicle transmits the rotating force of an engine or a gearbox to drive axles. The driveshaft is used for transmitting the rotary motion from the front end to the rear end of the vehicle to move the vehicle in forward and reverse direction. Seherr-Thoss, Schmelz, and Aucktor (2006) described the driveshaft as a primary connection between the front end and the rear end. Driveshaft consists of one or more tubular shafts linked by constant velocity or flexible joints and the universal joints. When the vehicle is in motion, the fracture in the driveshaft leads to the failure as it is connected to the live axles of the vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to design a driveshaft, which is capable of transmitting the power from the engine to the rear wheels at high torque; also, it should rotate with high speedReimpell J., et al (1996). Since the driveshaft operates at high speed, the whirling may occur at a certain critical speed. This produces bending stresses in the shaft, which are higher than the shearing stresses caused by torque. To reduce the whirling tendency of the driveshaft, it should be light in weight.Montagnier et al. (2013).
Dual-objective torque control of electric vehicles drivetrain with robust global finite-time stability guarantee
Published in Vehicle System Dynamics, 2023
Tao Pan, Huaiquan Zang, Penghui Qiang, Peng Wu
As shown in Figure 1. The EVs drivetrain mainly includes a motor, a gearbox, a drive shaft and the vehicle body. The motor converts the battery electric energy into mechanical energy and responds to the traction torque command from the vehicle control unit (VCU) under the control of the inverter. The gearbox reduces the speed and increases the traction torque, including two-stage reduction gears, namely, the initial and final reduction gear. The drive shaft transmits the traction torque from the gearbox to the wheels and finally drives the vehicle. The basic specifications of this EV are shown in Table 1. These parameters are provided by the manufacturer or obtained by parameters identification [32,33].