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Power Transmission, Brakes and Cooling Systems
Published in Iqbal Husain, Electric and Hybrid Vehicles, 2021
The powertrain of a vehicle starts with the IC engine or the electric motor that processes the stored energy and ends with the delivery of the power at the wheels. The powertrain is also often referred to as the drivetrain of the vehicle. The engine, transmission, electric motor, gear set, clutch, transmission, driveshafts and the final drive are the major components of the powertrain. The energy in the vehicle is initially stored in the diesel or gasoline fuel for the IC engines or in the chemicals of a battery for electric motors. The IC engine or the electric motor converts the stored energy into mechanical form. The mechanical power or energy still needs to be delivered to the end point which is at the wheel of the vehicles. The next component in the powertrain is the transmission with an IC engine, while it could be a simple gearbox for speed reduction with an electric motor. The transmission and the differential consist of different types of gears and gear sets. The components of the powertrain excluding the propulsion unit (IC engine and transmission or electric motor and gear set or the combination of the two sets) are collectively known as the driveline.
Getting Power to the Pavement
Published in Patrick Hossay, Automotive Innovation, 2019
The drivetrain links the engine to the vehicle’s motion. So, we might start by considering what is needed to produce this motion. To propel the car forward we need to overcome the combined rolling resistance of the tires and bearing friction, as well as the effect of any incline. We also need to overcome the aerodynamic drag of the car. We’ll talk about this in Chapter 8; but for now, it’s worth noting that drag increases exponentially with speed, while rolling resistance increases linearly. So, although rolling resistance is the primary resistive force at low speed, at high speed drag becomes the definitive force (Image 3.1).
Drive Train
Published in Georg Rill, Abel Arrieta Castro, Road Vehicle Dynamics, 2020
Georg Rill, Abel Arrieta Castro
The drive train serves two functions: it transmits power from the engine to the drive wheels, and it varies the amount of torque. The main parts of a drive train for conventional ground vehicles are the engine, clutch, transmission, differentials, shafts, brakes, and wheels, Figure 4.1.
A Fuzzy-Based Slip Resistive Controller for Front Wheel Drive Autonomous Electric Vehicle
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
Sandeep Dwarkanath Pande, Abhishek Gudipalli, Rahul Joshi, Smita Chaudhari, Dharmesh Dhabliya, S. K. Hasane Ahammad, Sunil D. Kale
This approach is implemented by taking into account the front wheel drive (FWD) category of vehicles. In FWD, drivetrain configuration, the engine’s power is primarily transmitted to the front wheels for propulsion and front wheels are responsible for both steering and power delivery. This setup is commonly used in passenger cars, compact cars, sedans, hatchbacks, and some sport utility vehicles and crossovers. The general design of a FWD vehicle is shown in Figure 3. If the specifications and condition of the transmission are known, the wheel torque as a function of engine torque can be estimated for FWD. The wheel torque is generated on the assumption that there is no error in the torque converter. In case of FWD, the torque comes from the engine. Torque converter connects the gearbox to the engine in the automatic transmissions. If there is absolutely no slip in the torque converter, the torque converter torque Tc [Nm] and the engine torque Te [Nm] are equal.