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Integrated Design
Published in Brian Ford, Rosa Schiano-Phan, Juan A. Vallejo, The Architecture of Natural Cooling, 2019
Brian Ford, Rosa Schiano-Phan, Juan A. Vallejo
The renovation of the former Post Office complex in the Via Bergognone in Milan by MCA faced the additional environmental problem of noise and pollution from a busy traffic intersection. The complex consists of four office buildings dating from the 1960s and 70s that enclose a central courtyard. The west/south-west facing façade onto via Bergognone was particularly vulnerable to solar heat gain and to traffic noise, and a ‘second skin’ made from selective glass was designed to reduce solar gain and the need for air-conditioning. Chilled beams help to stabilise temperatures and provide comfort in summer while also reducing the size of the mechanical ventilation system. This project exemplifies the opportunities to improve internal environments while reducing energy and running costs.
Sustainability
Published in Terry Jacobs, Andrew A. Signore, Good Design Practices for GMP Pharmaceutical Facilities, 2016
Chilled beams are becoming popular in the United States with applications in commercial buildings, schools, and science and laboratory buildings. Pharmaceutical manufacturing and buildings that comply with cGMPs in the ancillary spaces can contribute to overall energy reduction and thermal comfort improvement of the facility. Chilled beams were first introduced in Europe. The technology is now produced in the United States, and many contractors have become adept at installation. Chilled beams work on the same principle as induction units, which were popular in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s. Induction units were installed along the perimeter of buildings. Chilled beams are installed in the ceiling. There are two types of chilled beams: active and passive. Active chilled beams are similar to induction units; they work using primary air to induce airflow through a cooling or heating coil. In most applications, except at perimeter locations, a cooling coil is more common. As a rule of thumb, the primary air is one-third and the secondary air is two-thirds of the total; thus, the same amount of water can be chilled with one-third the size of the central system. All chilled beams are water cooling devices and require chilled or hot water connections to the coils. Passive chilled beams do not have induced airflow around the coil. Natural convection over the coil produces airflow (Figure 16.9).
What are mechanical systems?
Published in Samuel L. Hurt, Building Systems in Interior Design, 2017
Chilled beams are a relatively recent innovation in the HVAC industry and they are used primarily to improve efficiency in cooling systems. In fact, a chilled beam is not a beam at all, nor does it even look like a beam. A chilled beam actually resembles an FCU, but without the fan. A chilled beam relies on the principle of air induction to operate. Air moves in response to temperature variations and air currents, so air will move around a cold coil without a fan; if the coil is positioned correctly in a specially designed cabinet, it can cause the air in a space to circulate without using a fan. The naturally circulating air is also cooled in the process. This process is more efficient because it does not require a local fan—as in an FCU—to circulate air within a space.
Experimental study on the performance evaluation of active chilled beams in heating and cooling operation under varied boundary conditions
Published in Science and Technology for the Built Environment, 2020
Rohit Upadhyay, Rodrigo Mora, Marc-Antoine Jean, Mike Koupriyanov
Primarily, Chilled Beams were utilized as cooling devices, but recently many engineering designs employ them for cooling and heating applications to avoid higher costs and complexity of the mechanical system. In 2015, ASHRAE and REHVA published the Active and Passive Beam Application Design Guide to help designers integrate ACBs in buildings (Woollett and Rimmer 2015). However, the design guide does not address asymmetric conditions directly. Many papers studied the draught risk (Le Dréau and Heiselberg 2014; Le Dréau, Heiselberg, and Jensen 2015; Rhee, Shin, and Choi 2015; Kosonen et al. 2007), the effect of asymmetric load (Koskela et al. 2010, 2012), thermal comfort in the occupied zone (Le Dréau and Heiselberg 2014; Le Dréau, Heiselberg, and Jensen 2015; Rhee, Shin, and Choi 2015; Melikov et al. 2007; Mustakallio et al. 2016) and ACB installation configuration (True et al. 2007) i.e. parallel and perpendicular to the window in cooling mode. However, these studies did not compare different configurations and different load intensity including solar radiation as part of the load in cooling operation. Past studies do not investigate the utilization of ACB in-depth for heating applications as well. Only a few papers addressed the temperature stratification and range of heating water temperature to achieve better air mixing in the space (Virta and Kosonen 2005; Upadhyay and Mora 2019). These studies did not consider thermal comfort, interior heat loads, the effect of the boundary conditions and their impacts on the air pattern and temperature stratification.