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Basic Heat Transfer
Published in Neha Gupta, Gopal Nath Tiwari, Photovoltaic Thermal Passive House System, 2022
Thermal radiation involves the transfer of heat through space/vacuum from a body at a higher temperature to another at a lower temperature by electromagnetic waves (0.1 to 100 μm). This process takes place in three stages: (a) a fraction of internal energy of one of the body gets converted into the energy of electromagnetic waves, (b) propagation of these waves in space and (c) absorption of radiant energy by the other body. Since thermal radiation lies in the range of infrared, thus it follows all the rules as that of light. This means it travels in straight line through a homogenous medium, is converted into heat when it strikes anybody which can absorb it and is reflected and refracted according to the same rule as that of light.
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems
Published in Stephen A. Roosa, Steve Doty, Wayne C. Turner, Energy Management Handbook, 2020
The efficiency of radiant heating is a function of the temperature, area and emissivity of the heat source, and the distance between the radiant source and the observer. It is essential that radiant heat sources be located so that they are not obstructed by other objects. Emissivity is an object’s ability to absorb and emit thermal radiation and is primarily related to color. Dark objects absorb and emit radiation much better than light colored objects.
Selection of materials
Published in William Bolton, R.A. Higgins, Materials for Engineers and Technicians, 2020
There has been a rise in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans since the late nineteenth century and it seems likely to continue. Since the early twentieth century the Earth's mean surface temperature has increased by about 0.8°C. This warming seems likely to have been primarily caused by increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases produced by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels. Burning fossil fuels such as natural gas, coal, oil and gasoline raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and carbon dioxide is a major contributor to the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from the Earth's surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and then re-radiated in all directions. Since some of this re-radiation is back towards the Earth's surface, it results in an increase in the average surface temperature above what it would be in the absence of such gases.
Thermodynamic analysis of ammonia co-firing for low-rank coal-fired power plant
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2023
Azaria Haykal Ahmad, Prihadi Setyo Darmanto, Firman Bagja Juangsa
The growing concern about climate change emphasises the importance of a global transition to lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Pegels and Altenburg 2020). The global response to climate change threats was reflected in the Conference of the Parties 21 (COP21), also known as the Paris Agreement, in 2015, which resulted in a resolution to limit global temperature rise. Seven years after COP21, the COP27 in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt. in 2022 was held to evaluate implementation. The realisation of a decarbonised society is a significant issue that is being widely debated, and the pressure to decarbonise is increasing in all fields, including the energy sector. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most prominent greenhouse gas (GHG) that affects our climate by generating a greenhouse effect that traps thermal radiation in the Earth’s atmosphere, raising temperatures and fostering adverse impacts such as melting ice caps, rising oceans, and plant loss (IPCC 2018). If emissions continue to climb until 2050, studies anticipate a world average temperature increase of around 1°C leading to 1.5°C (IPCC 2018).
Analysis of entropy generation in Carreau ternary hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet
Published in Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2023
Susmay Nandi, Kuppalapalle Vajravelu
Thermal radiation is the process of energy being turned into electromagnetic waves and then sent from a heated surface to a place where it can be absorbed. This can happen in all directions. The radiative impact is used in many different ways in the fields of physics, business, and engineering sciences. Some of these uses are gas-cooled combustion chambers, missiles, nuclear power plants, rockets, making glass, solar power technology, processing polymers, processing parts for space vehicles, and so on. Sheikholeslami et al. [19] have studied the effects of thermal radiation, thermophoresis, and Brownian motion on the flow of magneto-nano-liquid between two rotating horizontal plates. Sheikholeslami and Ghasemi [20] used the finite element method to figure out how thermal radiation affects the flow of nano-sized liquids. Bhatti et al. [21] wrote about the effects of chemical reaction, Lorentz force, and thermal radiation on nano-liquid flow past an expanded permeable cylinder. Kumar et al. [22] studied the effects of mixed convection and thermal radiation on nano-liquid flow caused by an infinite plate with Lorentz force. Lv et al. [23] looked at the effects of rotation and thermal radiation on the Hall current and chemical reaction characteristics of nano-liquid flow through a channel. Das and Kumbhakar [24] examined thermal radiation and radiation absorption influences on time-dependent tangent hyperbolic nanofluid flow toward a stretching surface in the presence of activation energy and binary chemical reaction.
Von Kármán viscous pump of rotating disk in a magnetized Maxwell fluid with Joule heating
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2023
Kotha Gangadhar, R. Edukondala Nayak, Pallamkuppam Vinodh Kumar, Ali J. Chamkha
Thermal radiation is the dispersion of electromagnetic radiation from a heated plane in all directions. Thermal radiation has a significant influence on high-temperature processes and space technology. The use of thermal radiations mainly controls the heat transfer process in the polymer manufacturing industry. Thermal radiations are essential on the plane due to the heat transfer coefficient. The entropy reduction of a radiative pair stress fluid flowing across a permeable elongated cylinder with thermal conductivity is investigated by Gangadhar et al. [31]. Anwar et al. [32] investigated the effects of thermal energy on a changeable velocity and temperature Brinkman-type ferrofluid. Thriveni and Mahanthesh [33] developed a computational method for the flow and heat transport mechanisms in an annulus loaded with hybridized nano liquid with quadratic heat radiation and convection. Shafiq et al. [34] examined the influence of dual lamination on the stagnation point of a radiative Walter's B nano liquid being pushed over the Riga plane. Mackolil and Mahanthesh [35] studied the impact of heat radiation on nanoliquid owing to thermal Marangoni convection. Increasing the radiated heat variable raises the temperature and density of the thermal perimeter, according to Zhang et al. [36]. Khan and Nadeem [37] explored a three-dimensional Maxwell fluid flow across a perpendicular plane. References [38–47] are mainly devoted to linear and non-linear thermal radiations in heat transfer research.