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C&G Unit 305: Electrical systems design
Published in Trevor Linsley, Advanced Electrical Installation Work, 2019
The entry of a cable end into an accessory, enclosure or piece of equipment is what we call a termination. Section 526 of the IET Regulations tells us that: Every connection between conductors and equipment shall be durable, provide electrical continuity and mechanical strength and protection.Every termination and joint in a live conductor shall be made within a suitable accessory, piece of equipment or enclosure that complies with the appropriate product standard.Every connection shall be accessible for inspection, testing and maintenance.The means of connection shall take account of the number and shape of the wires forming the conductor.The connection shall take account of the cross-section of the conductor and the number of conductors to be connected.The means of connection shall take account of the temperature attained in normal service.There must be no mechanical strain on the conductor connections.
Numerical Computation of High-Voltage Field by Charge Simulation Method
Published in Sivaji Chakravorti, Electric Field Analysis, 2017
Insulated cables are used extensively for transmission and distribution of electrical power. Termination is the way in which the end of a cable is finished, so that the cable matches a power supply or another device/equipment. Such cable terminations are subjected to considerable electrical stresses during operation. A proper design of cable termination is essential in reducing the electric field distribution in and around cable termination. Figure 16.20 shows the conventional CSM simulation of a traditional single-core fluid-filled outdoor cable termination. Contrary to electric field computation within a cable, cable termination being of finite length needs to be analyzed as an axi-symmetric case study. Typically, such a cable termination comprises cylindrical cable core at live potential, earthed unit known as the deflector with semi-conducting covering, cable core insulation (e.g. cross-linked polyethylene or XLPE), insulating stress cone (e.g. silicone rubber) and the outer insulating cover (e.g. porcelain). The space within the outer insulating cover is filled with an insulating fluid. In Figure 16.20, the outer porcelain covering is taken to be cylindrical in shape for simplicity. It may be noted here that the shape of the outer covering plays insignificant role in determining the field stresses at the critical zones within the cable termination.
Applications of Electron Beam Radiation
Published in Jiri George Drobny, Radiation Technology for Polymers, 2020
The conductors produced by the wire and cable industry can be roughly divided into two basic groups: wires and cables. The difference between them is that a wire is a single conductor, and a cable is a group of two or more insulated conductors. If there were not any insulation on the two conductors, then it would not be a cable; it would still be a single conductor that would classify as a wire. There are four basic categories of wire and cable products. These categories consist of single-conductor, multiconductor, twisted pairs, and coaxial cable. The most widely used conductor materials used are copper and aluminum.
Evaluation of electromagnetic intrusion in brushless DC motor drive for electric vehicle applications with manifestation of mitigating the electromagnetic interference
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2020
M. Karthik, S. Usha, K. Venkateswaran, Hitesh Panchal, M. Suresh, V. Priya, K. K. Hinduja
Cables are important and the longest part of the system which acts as efficient antennas that pick up or radiates noise. Cables are not the direct source of EMI. To avoid interference through cables shielding is necessary. Shielding surrounds the current-carrying conductor of the cable to protect it from signal interference. Type of Shielding can be selected by considering the following factors: Types of signalNoise levelSystem configuration cost.
Low-cost leaky feeder communication for mines rescue
Published in Mining Technology, 2020
Michael D. Bedford, Angel J. A. Rodríguez López, Patrick J. Foster
Instead of using parallel conductors as used, for example, in domestic mains power cables, or twisted conductors, as used in telephone or networking cables, the two conductors are coaxial, that is, they share the same axis by virtue of one conductor being wrapped around the other. The outer conductor, which is called the shield, has the effect of preventing the leakage of the signal from the inner conductor, while also preventing external signals from entering the cable and, thereby, causing interference. To act as a good shield, the outer conductor is normally designed to provide a high degree of coverage around the inner conductor, although the percentage coverage might be reduced for the purpose of cost reduction.