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Compression behaviour of structural clay block prisms with different shell and web thickness
Published in Claudio Modena, F. da Porto, M.R. Valluzzi, Brick and Block Masonry, 2016
C.Z. Valdameri, L.F. Coelho, K.M. Junior, M. Utzig, H.R. Roman
ABSTRACT: The Brazilian clay block industry increases every year in both, amount of fabricated products and production technology. The Brazilian standard for structural clay blocks specifies that the shell faces and webs of hollow ceramic blocks must have a minimum thickness of 8 mm and 7 mm respectively. The brickyards have experimentally produced structural blocks with thinner shell and webs thickness to study their structural behaviour in order to help future discussions about the specifications of the standard code. This works presents experimental results of compression tests with 3 courses clay block prisms of same geometry but different web and flanges thicknesses. Two different mortar mixes were used: 1:1:6 and 1:0,5:4,5 (cement:lime:sand) by volume. The blocks physical and mechanical properties tested were: compressive strength, dimensions, net area and water absorption. The mortars were tested on compressive strength and flexural tensile strength. The prism test results were statistically evaluated using factorial analysis and have shown that both the mortar and the block wall thickness significantly influence the prism compressive strength. Prisms made with thicker block webs and flanges have presented higher compressive strength regardless of the mortar type used. On the other hand, if the net area is considered, the block strength/prism strength relationship is the same independently of the web and shell face block thicknesses.
Determination of Ritter constant for hollow clay prisms under compression
Published in Jan Kubica, Arkadiusz Kwiecień, Łukasz Bednarz, Brick and Block Masonry - From Historical to Sustainable Masonry, 2020
G. Mohamad, F.S. Fonseca, H.R. Roman, T. Ottoni, A. Lubeck
The tests were conducted to evaluate the stress/strength and strain behavior of the blocks under compression until failure. For measurements, ten strain-gauges on both surfaces were used. For each block type, five samples were prepared and tested. The results indicate that the ultimate axial strain at failure varies from 2 to 2.5‰, as presented in Figure 5. The most interesting fact was the linear behavior for both hollow and solid face shell blocks. Also, a very abrupt and brittle failure was observed for blocks SFS. A linear trend line was fitted to the experimental data to determine the correlation between stress/strength and strain measurement of the blocks until failure.
Effect of negative phase of pulse loading on response of machine foundations vibrating under harmonic loads
Published in Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2022
Kirtika Samanta, Priti Maheshwari
The analysis and design of foundations accommodating gas engines, stamping machines, and rotary compressors, subjected to static loading due to the weight of the machine and the foundation block, and dynamic loading due to the machine vibrating under its operating condition, are somewhat complex. Block type foundations are generally used for supporting gas engines, compressors, and forging hammers. Over the years, several research workers such as Gazetas (1983), Mironowicz and Śniady (1987), Nayfeh and Serhan (1989), Aşik (1999), Chehab and El Naggar (2004), Chen and Shi (2006), Chen, Liao, and Shi (2016), Adhikari and Singh (2019), and Uzun, Civalek, and Ö Yayli (2020) have analyzed the dynamic behavior of foundations. Main aim in designing these foundations is to limit their amplitudes within permissible limits.
Techniques and Characteristics of Traditional Earthen Masonry Walls: The Case of Spain
Published in International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 2020
F. Javier Gómez-Patrocinio, Fernando Vegas López-Manzanares, Camilla Mileto, Lidia García-Soriano
Earthen masonry walls are based on the use of small blocks of variable proportion and composition which are combined to create different types of bonds. Their mass is generally composed of earth with some sort of shrinkage limiter: plant (fibers), animal (hair, bristles), or mineral (aggregate, lime, gypsum, etc.). The preparation of earth in small units allows better control of the drying process, making it easier to establish the quality of the material as well as how it is handled during the construction process (Fernandes and Tavares 2016; Guillaud 2008). Once these blocks have been prepared for use they can be employed in the construction of different structural elements including outer walls, partition walls, vaults, domes, and arches.
Experimental feasibility for the incorporation of solid waste aggregates in masonry hollow blocks
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2022
Joelle Al Fakhoury, Emilio Sassine, Yassine Cherif, Joseph Dgheim, Emmanuel Antczak
The mechanical performance of these blocks is analyzed using the compression test. It indicates the maximum force capacity of the blocks in a simple and effective way. The mechanical properties of the material can be represented graphically by the stress-strain profile or the load-compression profile. This profile can be plotted using;