China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Static Equilibrium of Fluids and Interface
Published in Tasos C. Papanastasiou, Georgios C. Georgiou, Andreas N. Alexandrou, ViscousFluid Flow, 2021
Tasos C. Papanastasiou, Georgios C. Georgiou, Andreas N. Alexandrou
The Wilhelmy plate is a widely used method to measure surface tension [11]. A plate of known dimensions S, L, and h, and density ρs is being pulled from a liquid of density ρB and surface tension a in contact with air of density ρA,Fig. 4.9.What is the measured force F(σ)?The datum of force, F0, is the force when the plate is entirely submerged in Phase A. An improved method is to position the plate in such a way that surface tension can be measured without knowing the densities ρA and ρB. What is the appropriate positioning?
The Surface Chemistry of Paper: Its Relationship to Printability and Other Paper Technologies
Published in Terrance E. Conners, Sujit Banerjee, Surface Analysis of Paper, 2020
Frank M. Etzler, James J. Conners
The Wilhelmy plate method1,15 is one of the more useful methods as the instrumentation is relatively inexpensive, experiments can usually be performed quickly and the method is suitable to measure the surface tensions of liquids and solids which can be formed into sheets as is the case for paper. The method can be used to determine both contact angles and surface tension components. No corrections to the “ideal case” are usually required.
A Quantitative Approach to Measure Work of Adhesion
Published in Girma Biresaw, K.L. Mittal, Surfactants in Tribology, 2019
Ratul Das, Jie Liu, Sakshi B. Yadav, Sirui Tang, Semih Gulec, Rafael Tadmor
Wilhelmy plate method is also affected by surface irregularities and heterogeneities [31,32]. In CAB, we seek a critical depinning point (which occurs toward the end of the experiment) for our calculations, and since surface deformities do not affect that stage of experiment (or beyond) it has no influence on the work of adhesion measurement.
Mixed micellization of cationic/anionic amino acid surfactants: Synergistic effect of sodium lauroyl glutamate and alkyl tri-methyl ammonium chloride
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
Wanping Zhang, Zihao Gao, Haiyang Zhu, Qianjie Zhang
Wilhelmy plate method was adopted for the surface tension measurement. The surface tension of the mixtures generated using ultrasonic vibration was measured using BZY-1 surface tensiometer (Shanghai Equilibrium Instrument and Instrument Factory) at a constant temperature of 25 °C for 1 h. First, a platinum plate was rinsed with the double-distilled water, followed by its placement on an alcohol lamp. Subsequently, it was burned to become red in order to ensure that no residual surfactants remained on the plate. With the equipment in operation, the platinum plate was brought in contact with the gas-liquid interface. Consequently, the sensor measured the surface tension value of the liquid after correcting for the gravity and buoyancy of the platinum plate by measuring the force balance value of the platinum plate. The device was equilibrated by measuring the surface tension of the deionized water.
Tire-track resistance performance of acrylic resin emulsion coatings for colored asphalt pavements
Published in Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2022
Wen-rui Yang, Kai Zhang, Jiao Yuan, Hui-ying Li, Zhong-min Feng
The Wilhelmy plate method is mainly used to measure low surface energy (e.g. polymer surface energies), and the surface energy parameters of a solid can be calculated by measuring the contact angle between the solid and the known solvent. In this study, an automatic surface tension metre was employed to measure the surface energy of the resin emulsion. On the basis of the principle of dynamic balance, a glass slide sample coated with the resin emulsion was immersed into a liquid solvent at an extremely slow and constant speed to form a stable advancing contact angle between the measured slide and the solvent according to the balance principle of physical mechanics (i.e. the Wilhelmy plate method) (Tariq et al., 2012). The calculation is expressed as Formula (11): where θ is the dynamic contact angle between the resin emulsion and the liquid solvent, ΔF is the difference between the weights of the slide measured in air and partially submerged in a probe solvent, Vim is the volume immersed in the liquid, is the density of the liquid, is the air density, and g is the local gravitational force. Pt is the perimeter of the resin emulsion-coated plate, and is the total surface energy of the liquid.
The Impacts of Nanoparticle Concentration and Surfactant Type on Thermal Performance of A Thermosyphon Heat Pipe Working With Bauxite Nanofluid
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Duygu Yılmaz Aydın, Erdem Çiftçi, Metin Gürü, Adnan Sözen
There are several methods to determine the surface tension of a liquid like the Du Nouy ring method, Wilhelmy plate method, capillary rise method, and drop weight method. Among them, the capillary rise method and the drop weight method are the widely-employed ones in surface tension measurement, since there are both simple and accurate compared to other methods, and no additional complicated apparatus is required for them. Because of these reasons, the drop weight method, i.e. stalagmometric method, was utilized in this study. Furthermore, the contact angle-wettability measurements were simply fulfilled on a copper surface by measuring the angle between the base and peak points of the droplet, as stated above. However, using a goniometer, the same measurement could be performed. It can be said that there will be no big difference between these methods and results obtained from each of which.