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Experimental simulation of oxidative leaching of Co-Ni tailings
Published in Gülhan Özbayoğlu, Çetin Hoşten, M. Ümit Atalay, Cahit Hiçyılmaz, A. İhsan Arol, Mineral Processing on the Verge of the 21st Century, 2017
E.P. Bortnikova, O.L. Gaskova, S.B. Bortnikova, D.J. Bessonov
Primary mineralization of the Khovu-Aksy ore deposit is represented by carbonate veins situated in to the skarned Silurian rocks (Yakhontova et al, 1978; Borisenko et al., 1984). Before mineralization carbonate metasomatism occurred. Arsenide minerals present in the following forms: massive filling of the cracks in the veins; filling of impregnations in the dolomite, calcite, ankerite; as brecciated and rhythmic aggregates. The most abundant minerals are the safflorite, smaltite-chloanthite, skutterudite, rammelsbergite, nikeline and loellingite, belonging to the main paragenic series – smaltite-safflorite and smaltite-nikeline-rammelsbergite (Table 1). Sulfide-tetrahedrite stage differs distinctly from previous stages in mineralogical composition. The main minerals are tennantite, chalcopyrite, bornite, pyrite. Minor minerals are galena, sphalerite, argentite, native silver and bismuth.
A Comprehensive Review on Cobalt Bioleaching from Primary and Tailings Sources
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2023
Alex Kwasi Saim, Francis Kwaku Darteh
Cobalt has also been extracted as a primary product from arsenical deposits, including minerals such as cobaltite (CoAsS), skutterudite (CoAs3), and smaltite (CoAs2) (Bartlett 1995). Despite the fact that these minerals are extremely uncommon, there are several deposits across the world: Cobalt District Ontario in Canada; Black Forest, Ore Mountains, Richelsdorf Hills, Spessart in Germany; Bou Azzer in Morocco; Khovu-Aksy in Russia, Carpathians (Slovakia); Central Pyrenees (Spain) (Bortnikova, Bessonova, and Gaskova 2012; Grorud 1997; Markl et al. 2014). So far, the Bou Azzer district, Morocco has been home to the Co mine, which is solely focused on producing Co as a main product rather than a byproduct of Cu mining. The rising demand for Co has sparked lots of new initiatives in areas like Idaho and Finland (Anderson 2006; Witt et al. 2020). It has been demonstrated that bioleaching can be used to treat Co arseno-sulfide, arsenide ores and concentrates, as well as the simultaneous solubilization of arsenic from the primary minerals and immobilization in secondary minerals (Giebner et al. 2019; Thompson et al. 1993). The direct and indirect cobaltite bioleaching reactions are given in Reactions (9) and (10), respectively (Thompson et al. 1993):