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Bioremediation: Plants and Microbes for Restoration of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils
Published in Jos T. Puthur, Om Parkash Dhankher, Bioenergy Crops, 2022
Harsh Kumar, Shumailah Ishtiyaq, Mayank Varun, Paulo J.C. Favas, Clement O. Ogunkunle, Manoj S. Paul
Nickel (Ni) is a naturally occurring metallic element with an atomic number and atomic weight of 28 and 58.71, respectively. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a shiny appearance. It is the 5th most prevalent element that widely occurs in the Earth’s crust and core. Nickel is one of the ubiquitous trace metal which can be released from both anthropogenic and natural sources (WHO 1991). Among heavy metals, nickel is classified as hard and ductile metal. Nickel is an important micronutrient for plant life as well as being a part of the enzyme urase, it is necessary for nitrogen metabolism in plants. Nickel and its components have several commercial and industrial uses. The advancement of industrialization has contributed to an increase in the emission of contaminants into the environment.
Chemical Exposure and Cancer
Published in Stephen K. Hall, Joana Chakraborty, Randall J. Ruch, Chemical Exposure and Toxic Responses, 2020
Nickel is used in electroplating, manufacturing of steel and other alloys, storage batteries, electric circuits, ceramics, petroleum refining, and oil hydrogenation. An estimated 710,000 workers are potentially exposed to nickel and related compounds.
Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Separation in Bioelectrochemical Systems and Relative Significance of Precipitation
Published in Sonia M. Tiquia-Arashiro, Deepak Pant, Microbial Electrochemical Technologies, 2020
Nickel is the fifth most common element on the earth. The dominated use of nickel is the production of ferronickel for stainless steel (Reck et al. 2008). It is also widely used for producing batteries, alloy steels and non-ferrous alloys. A high dose of nickel can cause various pathological effects such as kidney diseases, lung fibrosis and even cancer in humans (Denkhaus and Salnikow 2002). Various technologies, including chemical precipitation, ion exchange, membrane filtration and adsorption, were investigated for nickel recovery and removal. (Papadopoulos et al. 2004; Chen et al. 2009; Landaburu-Aguirre et al. 2012).
Homogeneity, Hardness Distribution, and Metallurgical Behavior of SS-304 Cladding Surface with Si, Ni, and TiO2
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023
Shashi Prakash Dwivedi, Prashant Mukherjee, Satyendra Sharma
Nickel powder (10 µm) was considered for primary cladding particles. Nickel is a transition metal with hard and ductile and its powder shows significant chemical activity, which promotes the maximisation of the reactive surface area (Durga Prasad et al. 2021). Ni-containing grades make up 75% of stainless steel production, which is applied in transport, cars, automobiles, and the aerospace sector, and for transition metals, it is a relatively high electrical and thermally conductive material (Bhupinder and Zafar 2020; Vishwanatha et al. 2021). In the present study, powder XRD of Ni powder was selected to know particle purity. XRD of Ni powder with 99% presence of Ni particles (Figure 1). Si is also taken along with Ni in the cladding process. Nickel is a hard, ductile, and relatively high electrical conductive with atomic number 28 in the periodic table. Nickel powder has the most significant chemical activity properties (Durga Prasad et al. 2021) and also Ni-containing grades make up 75% of stainless steel production in different areas of the transport sectors such as cars, automobiles, the aerospace sector, and in several other applications. In the present study, we selected XRD of Ni powder for investigation of the purity of the particles shown in Figure 1. Powder XRD of Ni powder has about 99% presence of Ni particles. Si is taken along with Ni in the cladding process.
Investigating cryogenically treated electrodes’ performance under modified dielectric(s) for EDM of Inconel(617)
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2022
Kashif Ishfaq, Muhammad Umair Waseem, Muhammad Sana
Nickel (Ni) based super-alloys, especially Inconel 617, have gained popularity in different applications including aerospace, aircraft, super boilers, gas turbines, and combustion cans.[1] The properties like high oxidative and rust resistance, stability at extreme cutting conditions, excellent strength, and low density allows them to be used in the areas as mentioned earlier. Despite having unique characteristics, the greater strength, low thermal conductivity, and fast strain hardening compromise the cutting of Inconel 617 through traditional means such as milling, drilling, and turning.[2] Non-conventional techniques such as electric discharge machining (EDM), plasma arc cutting, laser beam machining etc. are potential processing methods.[3] However, considering the intended use of the workpart material EDM is an appreciable choice.[4] The achievement of high-quality machined surface with tight tolerances is the well proven benefit of EDM. Even the surface finish achieved via EDM is comparable to that obtained with conventional grinding.[5]
Adsorption of nickel from aqueous solutions by natural and acid-activated nano-structured bentonite
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2022
Zahra Ashouri Mehranjani, Majid Hayati-Ashtiani, Mehran Rezaei
Heavy metals, such as nickel, due to their toxicity and stability, are harmful to human health and the environment. Ni(II) is one of the most widely used elements in different industries, such as the manufacturing process of stainless steel, super alloys, metallic alloys, electroplating industry, minting currency coins, processing different materials for the production of paints, and mass production of different types of batteries. The US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) recommend that drinking water levels for nickel not be more than 0.1 and 1 ppm, respectively. The respiratory problems are the primary effects of toxicity following inhalation of nickel and its compounds. Rhinitis, sinusitis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and nasal septal perforations have frequently been reported in individuals occupationally exposed to nickel or nickel compounds. There are also some environmental jeopardies associated with nickel including greenhouse gas emissions, habitat destruction, and contamination of air, water, and soil (Hayati-Ashtiani and Azimi 2016).