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Introduction to Nanoscale Manufacturing and the State of the Nanomanufacturing Industry in the United States
Published in Ahmed Busnaina, Nanomanufacturing HANDBOOK, 2017
Nanotemplates can be used to enable precise assembly and orientation of various nanoelements such as nanoparticles and nanotubes. The directed assembly of colloidal nanoparticles into nonuniform 2D nanoscale features has been demonstrated via template-assisted electrophoretic deposition. The assembly process is controlled by adjusting the applied voltage, assembly time, or the geometric design of templates. Assembly of PSL particles in trenches is shown in Figure 1.8. The figure shows the control of the assembly process to produce monolayers or multilayers as well as full or partial assembly of nanoparticles. Polystyrene latex (PSL) and silica nanoparticles as small as 10 nm were used and assembled into nanoscale features. This approach offers a simple, fast means of nanoscale directed self-assembly of nanoparticles and other nanoelements over a large scale.
Tuning the Properties of Silver Monolayers for Biological Applications
Published in Huiliang Cao, Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Devices, 2017
Self-assembly of nanoparticles is identified as an important process where the building blocks spontaneously organise into ordered structures. Therefore, the adsorption and deposition of molecules and colloidal particles at various interfaces without the additional external forces (e.g. centrifugal force) are referred to as self-assembly processes. In turn, the layers obtained in these processes are called self-assembled layers. The adsorption of molecules and particles usually occurs as a result of van der Waals and electrostatic interactions, although in some cases, chemisorptions can take place as well (Kumar 2010). In self-assembly processes, as in the case of the dip-coating technique, the substrate is dipped in the proper solutions containing molecules or particles, which are used for surface modification. However, in contrast to dip-coating, the monolayers are not formed during the withdrawal of the substrate from the solutions but directly during the storage of the substrates in these solutions.
Uniqueness, Advantages, Challenges, Solutions, and Perspectives in Therapeutics Applying RNA Nanotechnology
Published in Peixuan Guo, Kirill A. Afonin, RNA Nanotechnology and Therapeutics, 2022
Peixuan Guo, Farzin Haque, Brent Hallahan, Randall Reif, Hui Li
Currently, the use of polymer for siRNA or drug delivery has been reported extensively (Nimesh et al., 2011; Singha et al., 2011; Troiber and Wagner, 2011; Duncan, 2011). RNA is a polymer (polynucleic acid). Different from other polymers such as polyethylene glycol, the homogeneity in size of the pRNA nanoparticles is of extreme importance. Highly efficient and controlled bottom-up self-assembly yields nanoparticles with well-defined structures and stoichiometry. This characteristic is highly valuable for the reproducible manufacturing of drugs and increased safety. The clearly defined structure and stoichiometry might facilitate FDA approval of RNA nanoparticles as therapeutic agents.
Preparation and application of uniform TiO2 electrospun nanofiber based on pickering emulsion stabilized by TiO2/amphiphilic sodium alginate/polyoxyethylene
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
Houkui Gong, Qichang Zhou, Feilin Lin, Wenqi Qin, Siqi Zhang, Shujuan Yang, Jiacheng Li, Yuhong Feng
Several recent studies have shown that the self-assembly of nanoparticles at the oil-water interface is used to prepare multilevel ordered functional materials.[12] Except hydrogen bonding at the interface, supramolecular interaction, coordination effect,[13,14] and the chemical composition of the two-phase liquids also play an important influence on the interfacial assembly particles into a multi-layered ordered structure.[15] The idea of the self-assembly of solid particles in an orderly manner at the oil-water interface is rooted in the in-depth study of Pickering emulsification. Particle stabilized emulsions became known as “pickering emulsions.”[16] Pickering emulsions are stabilized by the adsorption of solid particles, such as silica nanoparticles,[17,18] CaCO3 nanoparticles,[19] clay,[20,21] and biopolymer-based particles.[22] Sole TiO2 particles can't adsorb on the oil-water interface due to the extremely hydrophilicity.[23] It's reported that the TiO2 nanoparticles can be progressively modified from extremely hydrophilic to surface-active with proper amphiphilicity.[24] Therefore, a growing interest in this type of Pickering emulsions based on the interaction between particles and polymer has emerged.[25,26] Adding natural macromolecular polymers maybe not only stabilize Pickering emulsion by synergistic nanoparticles, but also contributes to the emulsion formed electrospun nanofibers.[27]